Anadenanthera
Anadenanthera is a genus of South American trees in the Legume family, Fabaceae. The genus contains two species, A. colubrina and A. peregrina. These trees are known to the western world primarily as sources of the hallucinogenic snuffs vilca/cebil and yopo/cohoba.
A 2024 molecular marker study of few hundred specimens sampled across Brazil and lowland Bolivia supports a four-species hypothesis Brenan, A. macrocarpa Brenan, A. peregrina Speg., and A. falcata for the Anadenanthera genus as opposed to a two-species, four-variety hypothesis.
The main active constituent of Anadenanthera is bufotenin.
Species
Anadenanthera colubrina- * Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil
- * Anadenanthera colubrina var. colubrinaAnadenanthera peregrina
- * Anadenanthera peregrina var. falcata
- * Anadenanthera peregrina var. peregrina
Chemical compounds
Chemical compounds contained in Anadenanthera include:- 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, bark
- Serotonin
- N-Methylserotonin
- 5-Methoxy-N-methyltryptamine, bark
- Bufotenin, seeds, bark
- Bufotenine N-oxide, seeds
- N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, seeds, pods, bark
- N,N-Dimethyltryptamine-N-oxide, Seeds
- N-Methyltryptamine, bark
- 2-Methyl-6-methoxy-1,2,3-tetrahydro-9H-pyridoindole
- 2-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9H-pyridoindole
- 1,2-Dimethyl-6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9H-pyridoindole
General references
- Constantino Torres - Anadenanthera: Visionary Plant of South America
- Jonathan Ott - Shamanic Snuffs or Entheogenic Errhines
- Richard Evans Schultes - Plants of the Gods
- Patricia J. Knobloch - Wari Ritual Power at Conchopata: An Interpretation of Anadenanthera Colubrina Iconography. Latin American Antiquity 11, 2000, pp. 387–402.
- Juan P. Ogalde, Bernardo T. Arriaza, and Elia C. Soto - Uso de plantas psicoactivas en el north de Chile: evidencia química del consumo de ayahuasca durante el periodo medio. Latin American Antiquity 21, 2010, pp 441–450.