Amphinomidae


Amphinomidae, also known as the fireworms, bristle worms or sea mice, are a family of marine polychaetes, many species of which bear chaetae mineralized with carbonate. The best-known amphinomids are the fireworms, which can cause great pain if their toxin-coated chaetae are touched or trodden on. Their relationship to other polychaete groups is somewhat poorly resolved.

Complanine

is a quaternary ammonium salt that has been isolated from the marine fireworm Eurythoe complanata. It causes an inflammatory effect upon contact with the skin or mucous membranes.
It was previously known that handling the fireworm caused it to release a chemical that induces inflammation of the skin of marine predators and mammals. Complanine was the first compound isolated from the fireworm which causes these effects. It is presumed that this compound's function is to deter predators of the fireworm.

Species

Most genera in Amphinomidae are divided into two subfamilies: Amphinominae, and Archinominae.Ankitokazoa Alessandrello & Bracchi, 2005†

Amphinominae Lamarck, 1818

Alleurythoe Sun & Li, 2017

Archinominae Kudenov, 1991

Archinome Kudenov, 1991

Subfamily not assigned