Amarygmini
Amarygmini is a tribe of darkling beetles in the family Tenebrionidae. There are more than 80 genera in Amarygmini.
Description
Adult Amarygmini are active long-legged beetles that fly readily. They have an unhidden membrane between the front margin of the clypeus and the labrum. In males, the base of the aedeagus is asymmetric, more or less acutely drawn out, directed towards the right and fused with the parameres. The dorsal side of the aedeagus is directed towards the dorsum of the body.
Most larvae of Amarygmini have a regular, oval excavation on the ninth abdominal tergite. The Australian Chalcopteroides is an exception, instead having short urogomphi borne on an oblique projection.
Like other beetles, Amarygmini go through complete metamorphosis with the life stages of egg, larva, pupa and adult. Amarygmini are one of several tenebrionid groups to have long-lived larvae and comparatively short-lived adults.
Ecology
Most Amarygmini adults are associated with tree bark or dead wood, especially that which is covered/mixed with fungi or lichen. They occur in both natural and artificial habitats. They are nocturnal. A few species are attracted to artificial light. Larvae are believed to feed on wood or fungi.
At least some larvae of Chalcopteroides live in soil. Some species of this genus are believed to be scavengers or predators, based on the presence of arthropod fragments in their guts.
Genera
These genera belong to the tribe Amarygmini:Alienoplonyx Bremer, 2019 Alymon Pascoe, 1866 Amarygmus Dalman, 1823 Asthenochirus Fairmaire, 1885 Asyleptus Péringuey, 1896 Atropsorodes Ardoin, 1963 Axynaon Blackburn, 1897 Azarelius Fairmaire, 1892 Bunamarygmus Masumoto, 1988 Cantaloubeus Ardoin, 1959 Caudamarygmus Bremer, 2001 Cephalamarygmus Bremer, 2001 Cerysia Bremer, 2001 Chalcoplonyx Ardoin, 1963 Chalcopteroides Gebien, 1948 Cheiroplus Ardoin, 1963 Cleognathus Gebien, 1921 Coccimarygmus Ardoin, 1966 Crypsinous Fairmaire, 1891 Cymatothes Dejean, 1834 Dalmanius Bremer, 2001 Dasyplonyx Bremer, 2014 Dichotymus Fairmaire, 1891 Erycastus Fairmaire, 1897 Euglyptonotus Gestro, 1901 Eulytus C.O. Waterhouse, 1882 Eumolpamarygmus Pic, 1923 Eumolparamarygmus Bremer, 2006 Eupezoplonyx Pic, 1922 Eupezus Dejean, 1834 Euspinamarygmus Masumoto, 1989 Fahraeus Ardoin, 1963 Falsastenochirus Pic, 1938 Falsoplonyx Ardoin, 1963 Falsosynopticus Pic, 1936 Garambanus Ardoin, 1964 Gonocnemis J. Thomson, 1858 Gonocnemocistela Pic, 1935 Hesseodes Ardoin, 1963 Hoplobrachium Fairmaire, 1886 Hoplonyx J. Thomson, 1858 Hypamarygmus Gebien, 1904 Insolitoplonyx Bremer, 2014 Isopteroplonyx Bremer, 2006 Javamarygmus Pic, 1928 Lemoultia Chatanay, 1913 Lobatopezus Pic, 1952 Luzonoplonyx Bremer, 2009 Macrosynopticus Pic, 1922 Megacantha Westwood, 1843 Meracantha W. Kirby, 1837 Meroxys Ardoin, 1963 Mimosynopticus Pic, 1922 Neoplonyx Ardoin, 1963 Nepaloplonyx Bremer, 2014 Nesioticus Westwood, 1843 Oplocheirus Lacordaire, 1859 Overlaetia Pic, 1937 Paragonocnemis Kraatz, 1899 Paramarygmus Quedenfeldt, 1885 Pilosoplonyx Bremer, 2014 Pimelionotus Ardoin, 1963 Platypsorodes Ardoin, 1963 Plegacerus Gebien, 1921 Plesiophthalmus Motschulsky, 1857 Plinthochrous Fairmaire, 1891 Podacamptus Ardoin, 1964 Pontianacus Fairmaire, 1898 Pseudalymon Ardoin, 1969 Pseudoogeton Masumoto, 1989 Psilocastus Ardoin, 1963 Psoroderes Ardoin, 1962 Psorodes Dejean, 1834 Psorophodes Ardoin, 1963 Pterodes Ardoin, 1963 Pubamarygmus Pic, 1915 Reichenspergeria Wasmann, 1921 Seorsoplonyx Bremer, 2010 Singapura Gebien, 1925 Spathulipezus Gebien, 1921 Spinodietysus Pic, 1927 Stemmoderus Spinola, 1842 Sylvanoplonyx Bremer, 2010 Timogebienus Ardoin, 1963 Trichamarygmus Carter, 1913 Umslatus Péringuey, 1899 Vutsimus Péringuey, 1899 Ziaelas Fairmaire, 1892