Alfred B. Greenwood
Alfred Burton Greenwood was an American attorney, judge, and a politician who served three terms in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1853 to 1859. When Arkansas seceded from the Union in the Civil War, he was elected to the Confederate Congress as a Democrat. In between, he served under President James Buchanan as Commissioner of Indian Affairs.
Early life and education
Alfred Burton Greenwood was born to Elizabeth Hugh B. Greenwood in Franklin County, Georgia on July 11, 1811. He was educated in Lawrenceville, Georgia. He graduated from the University of Georgia in Athens, Georgia. He was admitted to the bar in 1832 and relocated to Decatur, Georgia He owned slaves.Career
In 1837, he was appointed as a quartermaster as part of the Cherokee removal commonly known as the Trail of Tears. Greenwood’s detachment led a grouping of 1,000 native Americans from Georgia and Tennessee to Oklahoma.In December 1838, after seeing what Arkansas had to offer, he resigned his commission. He moved his family to Bentonville, Arkansas and became the small town's first attorney. He went into politics and was elected to two terms in the Arkansas General Assembly; serving from 1842 to 1845. He was elected to serve as prosecuting attorney of the Fourth Circuit from 1845 to 1851 and as circuit judge from 1851 to 1853.
Congress
He was elected as a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives from Arkansas, and served from March 4, 1853, to March 3, 1859. In 1856, he won re-election to his third term after a bitter debate at the local Democratic Convention, which took 276 ballots before finally settling on Greenwood over Thomas Hindman.During his final term in office, he served as chairman of the House Committee on Indian Affairs.
Buchanan administration
He was appointed in 1858 as Commissioner of Indian Affairs by President James Buchanan. He served in that role from May 13, 1859, to April 13, 1861. He was offered the role of U.S. Secretary of the Interior after Jacob Thompson resigned, but declined the position.Confederate Congress
With the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, Arkansas seceded from the Union and Greenwood was elected to the Congress of the Confederate States from Arkansas and served from 1862 to 1865. During this time, Confederate president Jefferson Davis asked Greenwood to try to recruit members of the Cherokee and Choctaw nations into the Confederate army.In 1864 he was appointed by Jefferson Davis to serve as tax collector for Arkansas.