Alfred Birlem
August Robert Alfred Birlem was a German football player and referee, known for officiating in high-profile international tournaments during the 1930s.
Playing career
Born in Berlin, Germany, Birlem began his football career as a player. He played for various clubs in Berlin, including Union 92, Berliner SC, and Viktoria 89. During his playing career, Birlem represented Berlin city in regional competitions, making nine appearances.Refereeing career
After his time as a player, Birlem transitioned to refereeing, where he became notable for his role in several international and domestic matches.International
1934 FIFA World Cup: Birlem officiated the first-round match between Spain and Brazil, in which Spain won 3–1. He also served as an assistant referee in the Austria vs. Hungary quarterfinal match.1936 Summer Olympics: Birlem was the referee for the bronze medal match between Norway and Poland, which ended in a 3–2 victory for Norway.1938 FIFA World Cup: He officiated the replay of the Cuba vs. Romania first-round match, where Cuba emerged victorious 2–1. Birlem also served as an assistant referee for the France vs. Belgium match.During his international refereeing career, Birlem officiated in 21 matches between 1927 and 1939.