Albert I, Duke of Saxony
Albert I was a Duke of Saxony, Angria, and Westphalia; Lord of Nordalbingia; Count of Anhalt; and Prince-elector and Archmarshal of the Holy Roman Empire. Even though his grandfather Albert the Bear had held the Saxon dukedom between 1138 and 1142, this Albert is counted as the first.
Biography
[file:Albrecht-I-von-Sachsen.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Woodcut of Albert I ]A member of the House of Ascania, Albert was a younger son of Bernard III, Duke of Saxony, and Judith of Poland, daughter of Mieszko III the Old. After his father's death in 1212, the surviving sons of the late duke divided his lands according to the laws of the House of Ascania: The elder Henry received Anhalt and the younger Albert the Saxon duchy. Albert supported Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor, in his wars against the Hohenstaufen.
In 1218, Albert's maternal uncle Prince-Archbishop Valdemar of Denmark, who had been deposed from his Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, found refuge in Saxony, before he joined the Loccum Abbey as a monk.
On 22 July 1227, Albert I asserted as fellow victor in the Battle of Bornhöved, commanding the Holy Roman left flank, his earlier disputed rank as liege lord of the Counts of Schauenburg and Holstein, a privilege, however, lost by his successor John V in 1474. After Bornhöved Albert reinforced and extended his fortress and castle in Lauenburg upon Elbe, which his father Bernard had erected in 1182.
Albert came into conflict with Ludolph I, Prince-Bishop of Ratzeburg, and duly imprisoned Ludolph, where he was badly beaten, and later sent into exile.
After Albert's death at Lehnin Abbey, his sons, the elder John I and the younger Albert II, ruled together as Dukes of Saxony, with John succeeded by his three sons Albert III, Eric I and John II, until before 20 September 1296 they split Saxony into Saxe-Lauenburg and Saxe-Wittenberg, with the brothers jointly ruling the former, and Albert II ruling the latter.
Marriages and issue
In 1222, Albert married Agnes of Austria daughter of Duke Leopold VI of Austria. They had:- Bernard
- Judith of Saxony, ∞ 17 November 1239 King Eric IV of Denmark ; and ∞ Burchard VIII of Querfurt-Rosenburg, Burgrave of Magdeburg
- Ann Mary, ∞ Duke Barnim I of Pomerania
- Bridget, fiancée of Otto of Brunswick and Lunenburg, ∞ before 1255 Margrave John I of Brandenburg
- Mathilde, ∞ ca. 1241 Count John I of Schauenburg and Holstein-Kiel
- Agnes, ∞ Duke Henry III of Silesia-Breslau
- Jutta, ∞ m. 1255, John I, Margrave of Brandenburg; 2m: Burkhard VIII of Rosenburg, Burgrave of Magdeburg
- Margaret, ∞ 1264 Count Helmold III of Schwerin
- Helene, ∞ in 1266 Duke Henry III the White of Silesia-Breslau, and ∞ in 1275 Burgrave Frederick III of Nuremberg
- Elisabeth, ∞ in 1250 Count John I of Schauenburg and Holstein-Kiel, ∞ in 1265 Count Conrad I of Brehna
- John I, co-ruling Duke of Saxony with his younger brother Albert II, resigned in 1282, John I married in 1257 Ingeborg, daughter or grandchild of Birger Jarl
- Albert (Albrecht) II, co-ruling Duke of Saxony with his elder brother John II, then with the sons of the latter, then as the sole duke of the partitioned branch duchy Saxe-Wittenberg, ∞ in 1273 Agnes (aka Hagne), daughter of King Rudolph I of Germany
- Rudolf, ∞ Anna, daughter of Count Palatine Louis of Bavaria