Adjusted batting average
The adjusted batting average is a baseball statistic that compensates for factors inherently unique to each individual hitter such as era, home ballpark, pitching trends, rule changes, and handedness; it also counts only the first 8,000 at-bats to account for late career decline. It was first formulated in 1999 by statistician Michael J. Schell in the book Baseball's All-time Best Hitters: How Statistics Can Level the Playing Field published by Princeton University Press. Using his calculations from said formula, Schell posited that Tony Gwynn is the greatest MLB hitter of all-time with the highest adjusted batting average of.342. Joseph Gallian, a mathematician who independently analyzed Schell's formula in a book published by the Mathematical Association of America wrote, "Of course, Schell's adjusted batting average is far superior to the traditional batting average."
| Name | Adjusted batting average | Years played |
| Tony Gwynn | .342 | – |
| Ty Cobb | .340 | – |
| Rod Carew | .332 | – |
| Joe Jackson | .331 | – |
| Rogers Hornsby | .330 | – |
| Ted Williams | .327 | – |
| Stan Musial | .325 | – |
| Wade Boggs | .324 | – |
| Tris Speaker | .322 | – |
| Willie Mays | .314 | – |