Abdulla Qahhor
Abdulla Qahhor was a Soviet and Uzbek novelist, short story writer, poet, playwright, and literary translator. He is best remembered as the author of the 1951 novel Qoʻshchinor chiroqlari and the 1958 novella Sinchalak.
Qahhor is considered to be one of the best Uzbek writers of the 20th century, and has been called the "Chekhov" of Uzbeks. He received the prestigious Stalin Prize in 1952, and became a National Writer of the Uzbek SSR in 1967. In 2000, Qahhor was posthumously awarded the Order of Outstanding Merit, one of independent Uzbekistan's most prestigious awards.
Life
Abdulla Qahhor was born on 17 September 1907 in Kokand. According to some sources, his father was a blacksmith. According to other sources, his father was a shoemaker, or, alternatively, his family were farmers.In 1930, Qahhor entered the pedagogical faculty of Central Asia State University, graduating in 1934. He became a member of the Communist Party in 1952. From 1954 to 1956, he was the Chairman of the Union of Writers of the Uzbek SSR.
In the early years of his work, Qahhor was very good friends with Sharof Rashidov, but the two had a falling out after Rashidov did not like some of the contents of Qahhor's novel Qoʻshchinor and insisted that it be modified. The novel was later re-developed into Qoʻshchinor chiroqlari.
Qahhor died in Moscow on 24 May 1968 at the age of 60 and was buried in Tashkent.
Works
Abdulla Qahhor started his writing career in 1924 by writing short stories. He began publishing his work in 1925 and went on to work as a writer for many different Uzbek-language periodicals, such as Qizil Oʻzbekiston, Mushtum, Yangi Farg‘ona under many different pseudonyms and pen names, including Norin shilpiq, Sarimsoq, E-Boy, Erkaboy, Gina, Gulyor, Mavlono Kufur, and Nish.From 1934 to 1937, he worked as secretary of the Sovet adabiyoti magazine, and from 1938 to 1950, he worked as an editor and translator at the State Publishing House of Uzbekistan.
His first poem, "Oy kuyganda", was published in Mushtum in 1924. Following the release of his first story, "Boshsiz odam", Qahhor concentrated on prose writing. His first book, Qishloq hukmi ostida, was published in 1932. His first collection of stories, Olam yasharadi, was published in 1933.
Qahhor's stories "Asror bobo", "Dardaqdan chiqqan qahramon", "Kampirlar sim qoqdi", "Xotinlar", and "Oltin yulduz" depict the courage of Uzbek soldiers and the hard work of Uzbek workers during the Soviet-German war against Nazi Germany and its allies.
Qahhor's other novels and stories include Sarob, Oʻgʻri, Bemor, Qoʻshchinor chiroqlari, Oʻtmishdan ertaklar, Muhabbat, Mahalla, Millatchilar, and others. He is also known for his plays Shohi soʻzana, Ogʻriq tishlar, Tobutdan tovush, and Ayajonlarim .
Qahhor translated the works of many Russian writers, such as Leo Tolstoy, Alexander Pushkin, Anton Chekhov, and Nikolai Gogol into the Uzbek language. In particular, he translated The Captain's Daughter of Pushkin, Marriage and The Government Inspector of Gogol, and, together with his wife Kibriyo Qahhorova, War and Peace of Leo Tolstoy. While his translations have been widely praised by many authors and critics, some of his earlier translations were criticized for incorrectly conveying the meaning of texts.
Influence and legacy
During the Soviet era, Qahhor's works were quite popular in the Baltics. He also influenced numerous Uzbek writers, including Oʻtkir Hoshimov, Erkin Vohidov, and Abdulla Oripov. There is a house-museum dedicated to his memory that was founded in 1987.Archives show that he issued denunciations of other Uzbek writers to Soviet authorities.