5th century in Lebanon


5th century in Lebanon
Key event:
Chronology:

This article lists historical events that occurred between 401–500 in modern-day Lebanon or regarding its people.

Administration

Constantine's province of Augusta Libanensis was short-lived, but formed the basis of the re-division of Phoenice into the Phoenice I or Phoenice Paralia, and Phoenice II or Phoenice Libanensis ;, with Tyre and Emesa as their respective capitals. In the Notitia Dignitatum, written shortly after the division, Phoenice I is governed by a consularis, while Libanensis is governed by a praeses, with both provinces under the Diocese of the East. Only two governors of Phoenice were known from the reign of Theodosius II to that of Justin I.

Culture

Chariot racing in Berytus was documented by Zacharias of Mytilene in his Life of Severus around 487–488 CE. Additionally, a statue base from Constantinople indicates that the renowned charioteer Porphyrius competed in Berytus during the late fifth century.

Events

400s

  • Around the year 400, Rabbula, the future bishop of Edessa, attempts to have himself martyred by interrupting and disrupting the pagans of Baalbek but he was only thrown down the temple stairs along with his companion.
  • A village featuring a luxurious building with Roman thermal baths and two large winepresses is established in the modern region of Zaarour,.
  • In 404 AD, towards the end of the reign of Arcadius, numerous Isaurian robbers gather in great numbers and ravage cities and villages as far as Phoenicia.
  • John Chrysostom writes to Maron around AD 405 expressing his great love and respect, and asking him to pray for him.

410s

420s

  • By the 5th century, the law school of Berytus had established its leading position and repute among the Empire's law schools; its teachers were highly regarded and played a chief role in the development of legal learning in the East to the point that they were dubbed “ecumenical masters”. From 425, the law school of Constantinople becomes a rival center of law study.

430s

  • Marcellinus, bishop of Arqa, participates at the Council of Ephesus in 431. in which Cyrus, bishop of Tyre, is deposed as a supporter of Nestorius. and Berenicianus is ordained as his successor as the bishop of Tyre.

440s

450s

460s

  • In 460 AD, the emperor Leo I issues an edict that orders candidates for the bar of the Eastern praetorian prefecture to produce certificates of proficiency from the law teachers who instruct them at one of the recognized law schools of the Empire. As a result, learning law at the law school of Berytus becomes highly desired.

470s

480s

  • The synod of Sidon is convened in 486 AD.
  • The Metropolitan of Tyre establishes himself as the first in precedence of all the Metropolitans subject to Antioch.
  • In 487, Zacharias Rhetor travels to Berytus to study law at its law school. He stayed there, and led an ascetic life.
  • In 488, Severus of Antioch is baptised at the Church of Saint Leontius at Tripolis with Evagrius as his sponsor.

490s

Religion

Ecclesiastical administration

The ecclesiastical administration paralleled the political, but with some differences. When the province was divided, Damascus, rather than Emesa, became the metropolis of Phoenice II. Both provinces belonged to the Patriarchate of Antioch, with Damascus initially outranking Tyre, whose position was also briefly challenged by the see of Berytus ; after 480/1, however, the Metropolitan of Tyre established himself as the first in precedence of all the Metropolitans subject to Antioch.

People

Professors:
Dates of service
Names
400–410, 438Cyrillus
420–450Patricius
450–490Domninus
450–490Demosthenes
450–490Eudoxius
May–June 460Euxenius
480–500Amblichus
Before 487/488 –
Leontius
End of the 5th century, early 6th centurySabinus
End of the 5th century, early 6th centuryAnonymous, mentioned in the Scholia Sinaitica

Architecture