5th century in Ireland

5th century

• Possible year of death of Niall Noígíallach. The Annals of the Four Masters dates his accession to 378 and death to 405. The chronology of Geoffrey Keating's Foras Feasa ar Éirinn broadly agrees, dating his reign from 368 to 395, and associating his raiding activities in Great Britain with the kidnapping of Saint Patrick. However, the traditional roll of kings and its chronology is now recognised as artificial. The High Kingship did not become a reality until the 9th century, and Niall's legendary status has been inflated in line with the political importance of the dynasty he founded. Based on Uí Néill genealogies and the dates given for his supposed sons and grandsons, modern historians believe that he is likely to have lived some 50 years later than the traditional dates, dying circa 450.

• At about this date, with the end of Roman rule in Britain, raiders from Ireland such as the Uí Liatháin and Laigin harry the coasts of Britain. They plunder towns and capture slaves but later colonise large areas of Gwynedd, in particular the Llŷn Peninsula, the coasts of Arllechwedd and Arfon and Anglesey.

430s

• Palladius sent by Pope Celestine I as bishop to Irish Christians

• Saint Patrick arrives in Ireland to help convert pagan Gaelic kings to Christianity

• Death of Bressal Belach, King of Leinster

440s

• Death of Amalgaid mac Fiachrae, king of Connacht whose death led to a long-running dispute over the succession

• Niall of the Nine Hostages active in Ireland and Britain
• Armagh founded as the chief church in Ireland.

• Death of Dathí/Nath Í mac Fiachrae

• Battle of Femen, in Brega; Mac Cairthinn mac Coelboth, King of Leinster, killed

• Death of Secundinus/St Seachnaill, bishop in Ireland, on 27 November, founder of Dunshaughlin

450s

• Probable date of fall of Ulaid over-kingdom
• Approximate date of the foundation by St Macculin of a monastery at Lusk
• Death of Niall Noígíallach

• Probable year of birth of Brigid of Kildare

• Probable date of death of Niall of the Nine Hostages
• Probable date of the start of the reign of Óengus mac Nad Froích, first Christian king of Munster

• Lóegaire mac Néill, King of Tara, celebrates Feis Temro, pagan inauguration rite.

• Suggested date - 5 April - for arrival of St. Patrick in Ireland

• Probable death of Palladius

• Death of Auxilius, missionary bishop in Ireland, founder of Killashee, County Kildare

460s

• Death of Lóegaire mac Néill, King of Tara, son of Niall Noígiallach, who founded the kingdom of Tír Eógain

• The murder of King Conall Gulban of Donegal by the Masraighe at Magh Slécht

• Death of Iserninus, missionary bishop in Ireland, founder of Kilcullen, County Kildare, and Aghade, County Carlow
• Death of Eógan mac Néill, son of Niall Noígiallach, who founded the kingdom of Tír Eógain

• Death of St. Benigius, Bishop of Armagh

• Battle of Bri Ele

• Ailill Molt mac Nath Í/Dathí celebrates Feis Temro

470s

• First Battle of Dumha Aichir

• First Battle of Granard

480s

• Second Battle of Granard

• Death of St. Iarliathe mac Treno, third bishop of Armagh

• Battle of Ochae. Ailill Molt killed, and the Uí Néill branch of the Connachta monopolise kingship of Tara

• Assassination of Cremthann mac Endai Chennselaig, King of Leinster

• Probable year of birth of Saint Brendan "the Navigator"

• Death of Fincath mac Garrchu, King of Leinster

• Battle of Granard or Grainaret. Coirpre mac Néill, King of Tara, defeats and kills Fincath mac Garrchu or Findchad mac Garrchon: he was a king of Leinster, was defeated and killed by the Uí Néill..

• Death of Crimthann mac Énnai Cennsalach who was a King of Leinster from the Uí Cheinnselaig sept of the Laigin. He was the son of Énna Cennsalach, the ancestor of this dynasty.

• Death of Bishop Mel of Ardagh, 6 February

• Battle of Cell Osnadha: death of Óengus mac Nad Froích, first Christian King of Munster
• Battle of Tailtin
• Death of St. Cianán of Duleek, a follower of St. Patrick, on 24 November

490s

• In about this year, the Dál Riata establish a kingdom in Scotland

• About this year the deaths occur of St. Mac Caill, Bishop of Cruachu Brig Ele ; and Óengus mac Nad Froích, King of Cashel

• The battle of Sruth
• The second battle of Granairet
• 17 March: traditional date for the death of St. Patrick. Cath Corp Naomh Padraigh

• Battle of Ceann Ailbhe

• Second Battle of Granard; Echu mac Coirpri defeats and kills Fráech mac Finchada, King of Leinster

• 6 September: death of St. Mac Cuilinn, Bishop of Lusk

• Death of Cormac, Bishop of Armagh, heres Patricii

• Birth of saint Kevin of Glendalough, the Abbot of Glendalough in County Wicklow, Ireland
• 23 June: death of St. Mo Choi of Nendrum; also listed under 497 in Annals of Ulster

• 23 April: death of Bishop Ibar of Bergerin, Wexford Harbour

500

• Composition of archaic Leinster genealogical poems by Laidcenn mac Bairchedo and others
• Archaic Old Irish period
• Warfare continues in Leinster between its kings and the Connachta