2MASS J22282889−4310262
2MASS J22282889−4310262 is a brown dwarf discovered by the Hubble Space Telescope and The Spitzer Space Telescope in 2013. Using Hubble and Spitzer, NASA astronomers were able to develop the most detailed 'weather map' for brown dwarfs, utilizing different wavelengths of infrared light to show changing light patterns and different layers of material in the windstorms. This observation was the first time that researchers were able to probe such variability at different altitudes in a brown dwarf. In the outer layers of its atmosphere, gases condense into raindrop-like particles made up of sand and iron which fall into the interior.
Researchers also determined that the object's temperature ranges from 1,100 to 1,300 degrees Fahrenheit. The brown dwarf is rotating extremely rapidly, with 1.41 hours rotation period being the smallest reliably measured rotation period of the brown dwarf as of 2021.
In 2026 a team of researchers used archival data by the Very Large Array to detect radio emission from the brown dwarf. T-dwarfs with detected radio emissions are rare and are caused by auroral processes. The radio emission at 2MASS 2228-4310 showed highly polarised bursts at intervals of around 47 and 58 minutes, or around half the rotation period. This emission comes from electron cyclotron maser emission and the magnetic field strength is constrained to around B ≥ 1.4 kG.