2023 Italian Open – Men's singles
Daniil Medvedev defeated Holger Rune in the final, 7–5, 7–5 to win the men's singles tennis title at the [2023 Italian Open (tennis)|Italian Open (tennis)|2023 Italian Open]. It was his fifth title of 2023, sixth career Masters 1000 title, and first ATP Tour title on clay. Before 2023, Medvedev had never won a match at the Italian Open in three previous appearances.
Novak Djokovic was the defending champion, but lost to Rune in the quarterfinals. Since Rafael Nadal withdrew before the tournament started, this marked the first time since 2004, 19 consecutive seasons, that neither Djokovic nor Nadal contested the Rome final.
By playing his second-round match, Carlos Alcaraz reclaimed the world No. 1 singles ranking from Djokovic.
Seeds
All seeds receive a bye into the second round.Draw
Finals
Seeded players
The following are the seeded players. Seedings are based on ATP rankings as of 8 May 2023. Rankings and points before are as of 8 May 2023.Because the men's tournament is being expanded to two weeks this year, players are defending points from the 2022 Italian Open, as well as tournaments that took place during the week of 16 May 2022. Points from the 2022 Italian Open are listed first in the "Points defending" column.
| Seed | Rank | Player | Points before | Points defending | Points earned | Points after | Status | |||
| 1 | 1 |  Withdrawn playersThe following players would have been seeded, but withdrew before the tournament began.
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