1973 New Jersey Senate election


The 1973 New Jersey Senate elections were held on November [|6]. The result of the elections were large gains for the Democratic Party, which won control of the Senate. The party picked up twelve seats. This election marked the first time since 1967 that Democrats controlled the State Senate. Republicans would not regain control of the State Senate until 1991.
The election coincided with Brendan Byrne's landslide re-election over Republican Charles W. Sandman Jr. The election also took place amidst the height of the Watergate scandal, just weeks after the Saturday Night Massacre.
This was also the first New Jersey Senate election held using single-member districts, as the state completed its long transition following the 1964 Reynolds v. Sims decision., it remains the largest single change in seats for Democrats or any party since single-member districts were adopted. This remains the greatest number of seats held by the Democrats or any party since the adoption of single-member districts.
Democrats chose Frank J. Dodd as the Senate President and Matthew Feldman as Majority Leader; Republicans named the outgoing Senate President, Alfred Beadleston as Minority Leader.
Contents
[|Incumbents not running] • [|Summary of results]
By District: [|1] • [|2] • [|3] • [|4] • [|5] • 6 • [|7] • [|8] • [|9] • [|10] • [|11] • [|12] • [|13] • [|14] • [|15] • [|16] • [|17] • [|18] • [|19] • [|20] • [|21] • [|22] • [|23] • [|24] • [|25] • [|26] • [|27] • [|28] • [|29] • [|30] • [|31] • [|32] • [|33] • [|34] • [|35] • [|36] • [|37] • [|38] • [|39] • [|40]

Background

Redistricting

Until 1965, the New Jersey State Senate was composed of 21 senators, with each county electing one senator. After the U.S. Supreme Court, in Reynolds v. Sims, required redistricting by state legislatures for congressional districts to keep represented populations equal, as well as requiring both houses of state legislatures to have districts drawn that contained roughly equal populations, and to perform redistricting when needed. In 1965, the Senate was increased from 21 members to 29 members, and larger counties were given more than one seat, and some smaller counties shared one or two senators. The map was changed again in 1967, and again in 1971, as the state adjusted to the one-man, one-vote ruling.
For the first time, the state was to be divided into 40 legislative districts, with each district electing one State Senator and two members of the General Assembly. The districts were drawn first to achieve a population balance, and then to be as geographically compact as possible.
For the most part, incumbent senators were given their own districts in which to run, with one exception. Senators William J. Bate and Joseph Hirkala, both of Passaic County, were re-districted into the same district, numbered 34. Bate successfully ran for Assembly rather than challenge Hirkala.

Incumbents not running for re-election

Democratic

Republican

Two incumbent Republican senators were elected to Congress in 1972 and resigned in January 1973 to take their seats in the U.S. House of Representatives. Both seats were won by Democrats:

Incumbents defeated

In primary elections

Republicans

One incumbent Republican Senator was defeated for renomination in the June primary and Republicans held that seat:
  • District 22: Jerome Epstein, succeeded by Republican Peter J. McDonough, an Assemblyman from Union County. McDonough won 60%-40% over the incumbent, who was facing an indictment.

In general elections

Democrats

  • District 35: Joseph Lazzara lost to Republican Frank Davenport, the Passaic County Sheriff.

Republicans

Open seats

Democratic gains

Independent gain

Democratic holds

Republican hold

  • District 24: Peter W. Thomas, succeeded by Republican James P. Vreeland, an Assemblyman from Morris County.

Summary of results by State Senate District

Close races

Seats where the margin of victory was under 10%:
  1. gain
  2. gain
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  4. '
  5. gain
  6. '
  7. gain
  8. gain
  9. gain
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  12. gain
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  14. ''''''

District 1

General election

Candidates

District 2

This district consisted of most of Atlantic County, as well as Little Egg Harbor Township, Tuckerton, and rural parts of Burlington County within the Pine Barrens.

Republican primary

Candidates

Democratic primary

Candidates

General election

Candidates

Campaign

Both candidates supported a statewide referendum on legalized gambling. Lilienfeld and his running mates supported a statewide coordinated mass transit program, while the Democratic ticket supported a county-wide transportation program. The Republicans also emphasized crackdowns on welfare fraud and stricter drug control, while the Democrats campaigned to attract more light industry to the region.

District 3

Republican primary

Candidates

Campaign

Turner was removed from his seat on June 28 after his conviction for conspiracy to place 6,500 amphetamine tablets in the home of Kenneth A. Gewertz, the Democratic Assemblyman from the district. He was sentenced to five years in prison.
The conviction barred Turner from holding state office. Nevertheless, Turner remained in the race, saying "I intend to win, and I expect the Senate to seat me."
Because it was too late to remove Turner from the ballot, an appeal was made to remove him, which a judge denied. The Republican Party attempted to run a write-in campaign for Gloucester Sheriff Walter Fish instead.

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 4

Democratic primary

Candidates

  • Joseph A. Maressa, incumbent Senator
  • Robert W. Yost, Gloucester Township registrar of deeds
Yost was backed by Angelo Errichetti and Jack Gasparre, the mayor of Cherry Hill.

District 5

Republican primary

Candidates

Declined
  • Frank Italiano, incumbent Senator

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 6

Republican primary

Candidates

Democratic primary

Candidates

  • Alene Ammond, candidate for Cherry Hill City Council in 1967
  • John P. Jehl, Voorhees attorney and former assistant Camden County prosecutor
The Democratic primary was part of a countywide power struggle between party chair James Joyce and Cherry Hill party leader Jack Gasparre, who was also backed by Angelo Errichetti, the leader of the Camden Democratic organization and the mayor-elect. The camps were also divided in their choices for Governor; Gasparre and Errichetti backed Brendan Byrne, while Joyce backed Ralph DeRose. As a corollary to their fight over control of the party, Gasparre backed a separate slate of legislative candidates in this and other districts. Although the sixth district was heavily Republican, it was considered crucial because it centered on Cherry Hill, and Gasparre considered it his home base. To counter Gasparre's ticket, Joyce recruited Alene Ammond, a political gadfly who had run an unsuccessful campaign for Cherry Hill council in 1967 and whose proposal to reorganize the Cherry Hill government was rejected by voters in 1972.
Ammond campaigned against Jehl as a puppet of Errichetti, whom she charged with bossism and corruption; the Gasparre ticket made the same accusations of Joyce. All candidates indicated varying opposition to a static income tax; Ammond and Jehl disagreed on casino gambling, with Jehl supporting its legalization in some areas if approved by voters and Ammond outright opposing its legalization. Ammond also came out in support of a deepwater oil port, despite Ralph DeRose's vote against it.

General election

Although the district was considered safely Republican after the Republican majority was increased to 8,600 votes by redistricting, Ammond won an upset over Senator Miller.

District 7

General election

Candidates

This race was a rematch of the 1971 contest between Hughes and Smith; Hughes won by an increased majority despite redistricting making the district more Republican and Smith resolving divisions within the party which had doomed him in 1971.

District 8

This district consisted of rural and suburban parts of Burlington County and eastern Mercer County, as well as Allentown, Roosevelt, and Upper Freehold Township in Monmouth County and Lakehurst and Manchester Township in Ocean County.

General election

Candidates

Campaign

DiDonato attacked Parker for his alleged support for special interest groups, particularly those involving workers' compensation issues. Parker, a member of the Senate Judiciary Committee, pledged "complete honesty and integrity in government."

District 9

This district consisted of most of Ocean County, except for Little Egg Harbor, Tuckerton, and Manchester. It also took in Woodland Township in Burlington County and Millstone in Monmouth County. The largest towns in the district were Toms River and Lakewood.

Democratic primary

Candidates

General election

Candidates

Campaign

Tax reform was the overriding issue in the race. Mabie and his Republican running mates opposed an income tax and advocated using state lottery revenue and the $200 million budget surplus to fund public education. This plan was predicated on passage of federal legislation absorbing state welfare costs.

District 10

This Monmouth County district consisted of Wall Township and a series of shore towns: Monmouth Beach, Long Branch, Deal, Allenhurst, Loch Arbour, Interlaken, Ocean Township, Asbury Park, Neptune, Neptune City, Bradley Beach, Avon, Belmar, South Belmar, Spring Lake, Spring Lake Heights, Sea Girt, Manasquan, Brielle, Point Pleasant, and Point Pleasant Beach.

General election

Candidates

Campaign

Buehler focused his attacks on Stout's transportation record, charging that he failed to attract state and federal grants to solve the region's railroad issues. Stout maintained that he and other Republicans had attempted to do so, but were obstructed by the bankruptcy of the Penn Central Railroad. Stout also backed Republican gubernatorial nominee Charles W. Sandman's proposal for a mass transit agency, while Buehler backed his party's candidate, Brendan Byrne, by proposing that the Port Authority should assume responsibility for electrifying the New York and Long Branch Railroad.
The district was considered a Republican stronghold; Stout had been in office for 22 years. However, Buehler hoped to benefit from the popularity of Democratic gubernatorial candidate Brendan Byrne in the district.

District 11

This district was located entirely within Monmouth County. It included the municipalities of Atlantic Higlands, Colts Neck, Eatontown, Englishtown, Fair Haven, Farmingdale, Freehold, Freehold Township, Hazlet Township, Highlands, Holmdel, Howell Township, Little Silver, Manalapan Township, Marlboro Township, New Shrewsbury, Oceanport, Rumson, Sea Bright, Shrewsbury, Shrewsbury Township, and West Long Branch.

General election

Candidates

Campaign

Beadleston took a low-profile approach to his campaign. Dietz, who ran an individual campaign separate from his Assembly running mates, challenged Beadleston to debates but was ignored or rejected. At one point, Dietz challenged Beadleston to a debate while Beadleston was serving as acting Governor.
Both candidates opposed a state income tax and supported cuts to welfare spending. They differed on how to reduce welfare spending, with Beadleston supporting a state takeover and Dietz supporting a federal takeover.

District 12

This district was composed of the northern Monmouth County and southeastern Middlesex County. It included the Monmouth municipalities of Red Bank, Keansburg, Union Beach, Keyport, Matawan, Middletown Township and the Middlesex municipalities of Jamesburg, Madison Township, and Monroe Township.
Madison, Monroe, and Middletown were the largest and most politically significant municipalities.

Democratic primary

Candidates

  • Eugene J. Bedell, incumbent Assemblyman

General election

Candidates

Peter P. Garibaldi, an incumbent Republican Assemblyman, entered the race after the Middlesex Republican Party denied him their nomination.

Campaign

This race featured three men who would serve in the Senate at some point: the incumbent Joseph Azzolina, the victor Eugene Bedell, and future Senator Peter P. Garibaldi. Though Garibaldi was a Republican, his campaign was expected to draw liberal Democratic voters away from Bedell.
One of the key issues in the campaign was the potential construction of a deepwater port. Azzolina was opposed to a port in the district; Bedell initially favored it before softening his stance. Bedell's Assembly running mates opposed a port until it could be deemed safe. Garibaldi received the highest score from the New Jersey Environmental Voters Alliance.

District 13

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 14

Republican primary

Candidates

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 15

Republican primary

Candidates

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 16

Republican primary

Candidates

Democratic primary

Candidates

  • Herbert Koransky

District 17

Republican primary

Candidates

  • Robert K. Harlig Jr.

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 18

Republican primary

Candidates

  • Fuller H. Brooks

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 19

Republican primary

Candidates

  • Matthew E. Hawke

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 20

Republican primary

Candidates

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 21

Republican primary

Candidates

  • William G. Palermo Jr.

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 22

Republican primary

Candidates

Democratic primary

Candidates

  • William Wright Jr.

District 23

Republican primary

Candidates

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 24

Republican primary

Candidates

  • Peter W. Thomas, incumbent Senator

Democratic primary

Candidates

  • John C. Keefe

District 25

Republican primary

Candidates

Democratic primary

Candidates

  • Donald S. Coburn
  • Joel Wasserman

District 26

Republican primary

Candidates

  • Salvatore Beninanti

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 27

Republican primary

Candidates

  • Michael A. Giuliano, incumbent Senator

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 28

Republican primary

Candidates

  • Joseph Galluzzi

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 29

Republican primary

Candidates

  • Lillie Simpson

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 30

Republican primary

Candidates

  • C. Richard Fiore, incumbent Assemblyman from Newark

Democratic primary

Candidates

Campaign

The campaign pitted the Hudson County Democratic Organization, which supported Castano, against the Essex County Organization, which supported Senatore.

District 31

Republican primary

Candidates

  • Franco Di Domenica
  • Henry W. Kolakowski

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 32

Republican primary

Candidates

  • John P. Errico

Democratic primary

Candidates

  • Michael J. Bell
  • Joseph W. Tumulty, Jersey City attorney
    Declined
  • William F. Kelly Jr., incumbent Senator since 1958

District 33

Republican primary

Candidates

  • Thomas McSherry

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 34

Republican primary

Candidates

  • Louise Friedman

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 35

Democratic primary

Candidates

  • Dominic Cuccinello
  • Michael U. DeVita, former mayor of Paterson
  • Joseph A. Lazzara, incumbent Senator
  • Roy Leon Ward

Republican primary

Candidates

  • Frank Davenport, Passaic County Sheriff

District 36

Republican primary

Candidates

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 37

Republican primary

Candidates

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 38

Republican primary

Candidates

  • Frederick E. Wendel, incumbent Senator

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 39

Republican primary

Candidates

  • Harry Randall Jr.

Democratic primary

Candidates

District 40

Republican primary

Candidates

Democratic primary

Candidates

  • Paul Z. Lewis