1952 in India

Incumbents

• President of India – Rajendra Prasad
• Prime Minister of India – Jawaharlal Nehru
• Vice President of India – Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
• Chief Justice of India – M. Patanjali Sastri

Governors

• Assam – Jairamdas Daulatram
• Bihar – Madhav Shrihari Aney, R. R. Diwakar
• Maharashtra – Raja Sir Maharaj Singh
• Odisha – Asaf Ali, Fazal Ali
• Punjab – Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi
• Rajasthan – Maharaj Man Singh II
• Uttar Pradesh – Hormasji Pherozeshah Modi, Kanhaiyalal Maneklal Munshi
• West Bengal – Kailash Nath Katju, Harendra Coomar Mookerjee

Events

• National income - 106,634 million

January - June

• 21 February - 1951–52 Indian general election concludes.
• 3 April - Rajya Sabha constituted with 216 members and Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan as the Chairman of Rajya Sabha. 12 members were nominated by the President of India and remaining were elected through 1952 Indian Rajya Sabha elections.
• 15 April - The Indian National Congress headed by Jawaharlal Nehru sweeps into power.
• 17 April – Membership of the 1st Lok Sabha starts.
• 13 May – Jawaharlal Nehru forms his first government.
• 13 May – First Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha session commenced.
• 15 May – G.V. Mavlankar handles the charge as Speaker of the Lok Sabha.
• 30 May – M. A. Ayyangar handles the charge as Lok Sabha Deputy Speaker.

June - December

• 26 July - Commencement of 1952 Mulkhi Agitation at Warangal.
• 16 October - The first ever Test cricket match of India national cricket team post independence was held at Feroz Shah Kotla Ground against Pakistan national cricket team.
• December - Jawaharlal Nehru's visit to Travancore–Cochin results in commencement of Nehru Trophy Boat Race.
• The commencement of Indo-Norwegian Project.

Births

• 01 January - Shaji N.Karun, filmmaker, producer.
• 18 January – Veerappan, bandit.
• 21 January – Pradeep Rawat, actor.
• 3 February – Deepti Naval, actress.
• 14 February – Sushma Swaraj, politician.
• 19 March – Mohan Babu, actor, producer and politician.
• 31 March – Letika Saran, former Director General of Police, Tamil Nadu, India.
• 1 April – Venki Ramakrishnan, biologist.
• 25 April – Brij Narayan, sarod player.
• 30 May – Ambareesh, actor and politician.
• 20 June – Vikram Seth, poet, novelist, travel writer, librettist, children's writer, biographer and memoirist.
• 23 June – Raj Babbar, actor.
• 27 June – Kamalesh Chandra Chakrabarty, banker.
• 29 July – Harshad Mehta, stockbroker.
• 12 August – Sitaram Yechury, politician
• 25 August – Vijayakanth, actor and politician.
• 4 September – Rishi Kapoor, actor.
• 15 September – K. Vijay Kumar, retired IPS officer.
• 23 September – Anshuman Gaekwad, cricketer.
• 1 October – Sharda Sinha, singer.
• 26 November – Munawwar Rana, poet.
• 27 November – Bappi Lahiri, composer and singer.
• 13 December – Lakshmi, actress.
• 18 December – Noor Alam Khalil Amini, Sunni Muslim scholar.
• 28 December – Hemant Shesh Hindi poet, editor, art critic.

Full date unknown

• Urvashi Butalia, historian, feminist, and publisher.
• Daisy Irani, actress.
• Deepak Kumar, historian and philosopher of science.

Deaths

• 7 March – Paramahansa Yogananda, yogi and guru.
• Rashid Jahan, author, short story writer and playwright.