1868 in Canada
Events from the year 1868 in Canada.
Incumbents
Crown
Federal government
- Governor General – Charles Monck, 4th Viscount Monck
- Prime Minister – John A. Macdonald
- Parliament – 1st
Provincial governments
Lieutenant governors
- Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick – Francis Pym Harding then Lemuel Allan Wilmot
- Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia – Charles Hastings Doyle
- Lieutenant Governor of Ontario – Henry William Stisted then William Pearce Howland
- Lieutenant Governor of Quebec – Narcisse-Fortunat Belleau
Premiers
- Premier of New Brunswick – Andrew Rainsford Wetmore
- Premier of Nova Scotia – William Annand
- Premier of Ontario – John Sandfield Macdonald
- Premier of Quebec – Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau
Colonies
Governors
- Colonial Governor of Newfoundland – Anthony Musgrave
- Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island – George Dundas then Robert Hodgson
- Governor of the Colony of British Columbia – Frederick Seymour
Premiers
- Colonial Prime Minister of Newfoundland – Frederick Carter
- Premier of Colony of Prince Edward Island – George Coles
Events
- March 4 — Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario established
- April 7 — Father of Confederation Thomas D'Arcy McGee is assassinated in Ottawa by Irish Fenians.
- May 26 - The Canadian flag is unofficially introduced.
Full date unknown
Louis Riel returns to the Red River area- The Hudson's Bay Company agrees to turn Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory over to Canada
- The first Federal Militia Act is passed, creating a Canadian army
- George-Étienne Cartier created a Baronet
Births
January to June
- January 16 — Octavia Ritchie, first woman to receive a medical degree in Quebec
- January 22 — Adjutor Rivard, lawyer, writer, judge and linguist
- February 16 — John Babington Macaulay Baxter, lawyer, jurist and 18th Premier of New Brunswick
- March 14 — Emily Murphy, women's rights activist, jurist and author, first woman magistrate in Canada and in the British Empire
- April 27 — James Kidd Flemming, businessman, politician and 13th Premier of New Brunswick
- May 31 — Victor Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire, politician and 11th Governor General of Canada
July to December
- July 8 — Henry Cockshutt, Lieutenant Governor of Ontario
- July 9 — William Alves Boys, politician and barrister
- August 25 — Arthur Puttee, politician
- August 26 — Charles Stewart, politician and 3rd Premier of Alberta
- September 1 — Henri Bourassa, politician and publisher
- September 22 — Louise McKinney, first woman sworn into the Legislative Assembly of Alberta and first woman elected to a legislature in Canada and in the British Empire
- September 28 — Herbert Alexander Bruce, surgeon and 15th Lieutenant Governor of Ontario
- November 9 — Marie Dressler, actress
- December 11 — William Parks, geologist and paleontologist
Deaths
- January 19 — Frederic, Roman Catholic priest, missionary, and bishop
- January 25 — Alexander Roberts Dunn, first Canadian awarded the Victoria Cross
- January 28 — Edmund Walker Head, Governor
- February 19 — Dominick Daly, politician
- April 7 — D'Arcy McGee, journalist, politician and Father of Confederation, assassinated
- August 7 — William Agar Adamson, Church of England clergyman and author
- September 12 — Charles Dickson Archibald, lawyer, businessman and politician
- October 17 — Laura Secord, heroine of the War of 1812