1843 in Australia

Incumbents

• Monarch - Victoria

Governors

• Governor of New South Wales – Sir George Gipps
• Governor of South Australia – Sir George Grey
• Governor of Tasmania – Captain Sir John Franklin
• Governor of Western Australia as a Crown Colony – John Hutt.

Events

• Between 15 June and 3 July the 1843 New South Wales colonial election and Australia's first colonial election, was held.
• July – Up to 150 Indigenous Australians are murdered by Angus McMillan's men in the Warrigal Creek Massacre as part of a series of mass murders of Gunai Kurnai people known as the Gippsland massacres.
• 12 September – The Battle of One Tree Hill was a conflict between European settlers and Aboriginals.
• Undated – The Argyle Cut in The Rocks is started, using convict labour, it is completed in 1864, using free labourers.
• Undated – The War of Southern Queensland begins between a coalition of Aboriginal tribes in South East Queensland, the "United Tribes", and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland it would be fought until 1855.
• Undated – Lindeman's wine company, is founded in by Dr Henry John Lindeman in New South Wales.

Science and technology

• September – John Ridley builds his invention, a corn stripper-harvester, in Hindmarsh.

Births

• 11 January – C. Y. O'Connor, engineer
• 2 May – James Garvan, New South Wales politician
• 6 July – Sir John Downer, 16th Premier of South Australia
• 24 July – Nathaniel Dawes, bishop
• 27 July – Joseph Vardon, South Australian politician and printer
• 24 August – Boyd Dunlop Morehead, 10th Premier of Queensland
• 26 September – Joseph Furphy, author and poet
• 1 October – Garnet Walch, writer, journalist and publisher
• 9 October – Alexander William Jardine, engineer
• 5 November – Sir Harry Rawson, 21st Governor of New South Wales
• 25 December – Edward Ellis Morris, lexicographer and educationist
• 28 December – Ebenezer Wake Cook, artist

Deaths

• 22 December – John Bigge, judge and royal commissioner