1809 in Germany
Events from the year 1809 in Germany.
Incumbents
Kingdoms
- Kingdom of Prussia
- * Monarch – Frederick William III
- Kingdom of Bavaria
- * Maximilian I
- Kingdom of Saxony
- * Frederick Augustus I
- Kingdom of Württemberg
- * Frederick I
Grand Duchies
- Grand Duke of Baden
- * Charles Frederick
- Grand Duke of Hesse
- * Louis I
- Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
- * Frederick Francis I–
- Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
- * Charles II
- Grand Duke of Oldenburg
- * Wilhelm Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign.
- * Peter I
- Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar
- * Karl August Raised to grand duchy in 1809
Principalities
- Schaumburg-Lippe
- * George William
- Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
- * Friedrich Günther
- Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
- * Günther Friedrich Karl I
- Principality of Lippe
- * Leopold II
- Principality of Reuss-Greiz
- * Heinrich XIII
- Waldeck and Pyrmont
- * Friedrich Karl August
Duchies
- Duke of Anhalt-Dessau
- * Leopold III
- Duke of Brunswick
- * Frederick William
- Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
- * Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen - Frederick
- Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
- * Ernest I
- Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
- * Bernhard II
- Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
- * Frederick Charles Louis
Events
- 9 April – Tiroleans rise, under the command of Andreas Hofer, against French and Bavarian occupation.
- 14 April – Battle of Abensberg, Bavaria: Napoleon defeats Austria.
- 19 April – War of the Fifth Coalition –
- * Battle of Raszyn: The armies of the Austrian Empire are defeated by the Duchy of Warsaw.
- * Battle of Teugen-Hausen: The armies of the Austrian Empire are defeated by the French and their Bavarian allies.
- 21 April – Battle of Landshut
- 21/22 April – Battle of Eckmühl
- 23 April – Battle of Ratisbon
- 24 April – Battle of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit
- 8 July – Battle of Gefrees
- 29/30 July – Battle of Halberstadt
- 1 August – Battle of Ölper
- Black Brunswickers established
- Corps Hannovera Göttingen established
- Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach formed from a merger and raised to a grand duchy
Births
- 3 February – Felix Mendelssohn, German composer
- 24 February – Edwin Freiherr von Manteuffel, Prussian field marshal
- 21 February – Carl Ernst Bock, German physician and anatomist .
- 15 April – Hermann Grassmann, Prussian mathematician
- 5 May – Frederick Langenheim, German American pioneer of panoramic photography
- 13 June – Heinrich Hoffmann, German author and children's poet
- 20 June – Isaak August Dorner, German theologian
- 16 July – Konstantin Bernhard von Voigts-Rhetz, Prussian general
- 8 August – Heinrich Abeken, German theologian
- 12 September – Julius von Bose, Prussian general
- 10 November – David Einhorn, German-American abolitionist
- 20 November – Gustav Koerner, German-born revolutionary, journalist, lawyer, politician, a statesman of Illinois and Germany, Colonel of the U.S. Army
- 30 December – Wilhelm von Tümpling, Prussian general
Deaths
- 6 January – Johann Augustus Eberhard, German theologian, philosopher
- 18 March – Karoline Kaulla, German banker
- 26 April – Bernhard Schott, German music publisher
- 1 September – Johann Friedrich August Göttling, German chemist
- 7 September – Caroline Schelling, German scholar
- 28 November – Jakob Heinrich Laspeyres, German lepidopterist