12th Canadian Parliament
The 12th Canadian Parliament was in session from 15 November 1911 until 6 October 1917. The membership was set by the 1911 federal election on 21 September 1911, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1917 election. At 5 years, 10 months and 22 days, it was the longest parliament in Canadian history. The parliament was extended beyond the normal limit of five years by the British North America Act, 1916 as a result of World War I.
It was controlled by a Conservative/Liberal-Conservative majority under Prime Minister Sir Robert Borden and the 9th Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, led by Wilfrid Laurier. The last year of the wartime parliament was dominated by the Conscription Crisis of 1917. At the end of the parliament, a new ministry, the Union Government, was formed by Borden as a wartime coalition government including Liberals. Laurier refused to join and those Liberals who supported Borden took the name Liberal-Unionists. The Union Government went on to win the 1917 federal election.
The Speaker was first Thomas Simpson Sproule, and later Albert Sévigny. See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1907-1914 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.
There were seven sessions of the 12th Parliament:
| Session | Start | End |
| 1st | 15 November 1911 | 1 April 1912 |
| 2nd | 21 November 1912 | 6 June 1913 |
| 3rd | 15 January 1914 | 12 June 1914 |
| 4th | 18 August 1914 | 22 August 1914 |
| 5th | 4 February 1915 | 15 April 1915 |
| 6th | 12 January 1916 | 18 May 1916 |
| 7th | 18 January 1917 | 20 September 1917 |
List of members
Following is a full list of members of the twelfth Parliament listed first by province, then by electoral district.Key:
- Party leaders are italicized.
- Parliamentary secretaries is indicated by "".
- Cabinet ministers are in boldface.
- The Prime Minister is both.
- The Speaker is indicated by "".
[Alberta]
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | No. of terms | |
| Calgary | Richard Bedford Bennett | Conservative | 1911 | 1st term | |
| Edmonton | Frank Oliver | Liberal | 1896 | 5th term | |
| Macleod | David Warnock | Liberal | 1911 | 1st term | |
| Medicine Hat | William Ashbury Buchanan | Liberal | 1911 | 1st term | |
| Red Deer | Michael Clark | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Strathcona | James McCrie Douglas | Liberal | 1909 | 2nd term | |
| Victoria | William Henry White | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term |
[British Columbia]
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | No. of terms | |
| Comox—Atlin | Herbert Sylvester Clements | Conservative | 1904, 1911 | 2nd term* | |
| Kootenay | Arthur Samuel Goodeve | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Kootenay | Robert Francis Green | Conservative | 1912 | 1st term | |
| Nanaimo | Francis Henry Shepherd | Conservative | 1911 | 1st term | |
| New Westminster | James Davis Taylor | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Vancouver City | Henry Herbert Stevens | Conservative | 1911 | 1st term | |
| Victoria City | George Henry Barnard | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Yale—Cariboo | Martin Burrell | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Yale—Cariboo | Martin Burrell | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term |
[Manitoba]
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | No. of terms | |
| Brandon | James Albert Manning Aikins | Conservative | 1911 | 1st term | |
| Dauphin | Robert Cruise | Liberal | 1911 | 1st term | |
| Lisgar | William Henry Sharpe | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Macdonald | William D. Staples | Conservative | 1904 | 3rd term | |
| Macdonald | Alexander Morrison | Conservative | 1912 | 1st term | |
| Macdonald | Alexander Morrison | Conservative | 1912 | 1st term | |
| Marquette | William James Roche | Conservative | 1896 | 5th term | |
| Marquette | William James Roche | Conservative | 1896 | 5th term | |
| Portage la Prairie | Arthur Meighen | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Portage la Prairie | Arthur Meighen | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Provencher | John Patrick Molloy | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Selkirk | George Henry Bradbury | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Souris | Frederick Laurence Schaffner | Conservative | 1904 | 3rd term | |
| Winnipeg | Alexander Haggart | Conservative | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Winnipeg | Robert Rogers | Conservative | 1911 | 1st term |
[New Brunswick]
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | No. of terms | |
| Carleton | Frank Broadstreet Carvell | Liberal | 1904 | 3rd term | |
| Charlotte | Thomas Aaron Hartt | Conservative | 1911 | 1st term | |
| City and County of St. John | John Waterhouse Daniel | Conservative | 1904 | 4th term | |
| City and County of St. John | John Douglas Hazen | Conservative | 1891, 1911 | 2nd term* | |
| City of St. John | William Pugsley | Liberal | 1904 | 3rd term | |
| Gloucester | Onésiphore Turgeon | Liberal | 1900 | 4th term | |
| Kent | Ferdinand-Joseph Robidoux | Conservative | 1911 | 1st term | |
| King's and Albert | George William Fowler | Conservative | 1900, 1911 | 3rd term* | |
| Northumberland | William Stewart Loggie | Liberal | 1904 | 3rd term | |
| Restigouche | James Reid | Liberal | 1900 | 4th term | |
| Sunbury—Queen's | Hugh Havelock McLean | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Victoria | Pius Michaud | Liberal | 1907 | 3rd term | |
| Westmorland | Henry Emmerson | Liberal | 1900 | 4th term | |
| Westmorland | Arthur Bliss Copp | Liberal | 1915 | 1st term | |
| York | Oswald Smith Crocket | Conservative | 1904 | 3rd term | |
| York | Harry Fulton McLeod | Conservative | 1913 | 1st term |
[Ontario]
[Prince Edward Island]
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | No. of terms | |
| King's | James Joseph Hughes | Liberal | 1900, 1911 | 2nd term* | |
| Prince | James William Richards | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Queen's* | Angus Alexander McLean | Conservative | 1904, 1911 | 2nd term* | |
| Queen's* | Donald Nicholson | Conservative | 1911 | 1st term |
[Quebec]
[Saskatchewan]
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | No. of terms | |
| Assiniboia | John Gillanders Turriff | Liberal | 1904 | 3rd term | |
| Battleford | Albert Champagne | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Humboldt | David Bradley Neely | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Mackenzie | Edward L. Cash | Liberal | 1904 | 3rd term | |
| Moose Jaw | William Erskine Knowles | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Prince Albert | James McKay | Conservative | 1911 | 1st term | |
| Prince Albert | Samuel James Donaldson | Conservative | 1915 | 1st term | |
| Qu'Appelle | Levi Thomson | Liberal | 1911 | 1st term | |
| Regina | William Melville Martin | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Saltcoats | Thomas MacNutt | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term | |
| Saskatoon | George Ewan McCraney | Liberal | 1908 | 2nd term |
[Yukon]
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | No. of terms | |
| Yukon | Alfred Thompson | Conservative | 1904, 1911 | 2nd term* |