Ōi-juku
Ōi-juku was the forty-sixth of the sixty-nine stations of the Nakasendō connecting Edo with Kyoto in Edo period Japan. It is located in former Mino Province in what is now part of the city of Ena, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. From Ōi-juku to the next post town, Ōkute-juku, there are 13 hills to pass over. Travellers using the Shitakaidō often used Ōi-juku, too, as they travelled on to Makiganetsui afterwards.
History
Ōi-juku is located in the southern foothills of the Japanese Alps, near the banks of the Agi River. It consisted of five sections which were laid out at right angles, forming a pattern similar to that of five Masugata-style gates typically found on Japanese castles. While this gave it a very ordered appearance, travelers entering each section of town left that section by a road at a right angle to the entrance, making it very inconvenient and difficult to navigate in a hurry. This was done on purpose to slow down any attacker, as the post station was also a castle town for Iwamura Castle, which dominates a hill overlooking the town.Per the 1843 guidebook issued by the Inspector of Highways, the town had a population of 466 people in 110 houses, including one honjin, one waki-honjin, and 41 hatago. Ōi-juku is 345.0 kilometers from Edo.
Parts of Ōi-juku are relatively well-preserved, and several old buildings from the post station have survived to the present day, including one of the hatago and several machiya. However, the honjin was destroyed in 1946 and only the gate and the outside walls now remain. The road itself has preserved its original width and the six Masugata bends are still discernible. The town also has an art museum, the Nakasendō Hiroshige Art Museum with displays of ukiyoe depicting the Nakasendō.