Timeline of Moscow
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Moscow, Russia.
Prior to 16th century
- 1147 β Yuri Dolgoruki had a meeting with Sviatoslav Olgovich in a place called Moscow. First mentioning about Moscow in manuscript.
- 1237 β The 'grad of Moscow' destroyed by the Mongols.
- 1272 β Daniil Aleksandrovich becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.
- 1283 β Grand Duchy of Moscow territory established.
- 1300 β The Kremlin, or fort, was enclosed by a strong wall of earth and timber.
- 1303 β Yuriy Danilovich becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.
- 1325 β Seat of "metropolitan of Central Russia" relocated to Moscow.
- 1327 β Uspensky Church consecrated.
- 1328 β Ivan I becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.
- 1333 β St. Michael cathedral built.
- 1339 β The 'grad of Moscow' rebuilt in oak.
- 1341 β Simeon Ivanovich Gordyi becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.
- 1353 β Ivan II becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.
- 1358 β Chudov Monastery founded.
- 1362 β Dmitry Donskoy becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.
- 1367 β Moscow Kremlin founded.
- 1369 β Moscow besieged.
- 1382 β Siege of Moscow (1382).
- 1386 β Nativity Convent founded.
- 1389
- * Vasily I becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.
- * Ascension Convent founded in the Kremlin.
- 1397
- * Sretensky Monastery founded.
- * Blagovyeshchensk Cathedral built.
- 1425 β Vasily II becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.
- 1462 β Ivan III becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.
- 1479 β Dormition Cathedral built in the Kremlin.
- 1491 β Spasskaya Gate built.
- 1492 β Palace of Facets β state banqueting hall.
- 1495 β "Dungeons built under the Kremlin's Trinity Tower."
16thβ17th centuries
- 1502 β 14 April: Coronation of Ivan III as Grand Prince of Moscow.
- 1505 β Vasili III becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.
- 1508 β Cathedral of the Archangel and Ivan the Great Bell Tower built.
- 1520 β Moscow said to contain "45,000 houses and 100,000 inhabitants".
- 1524/5 β Novodevichy Convent constructed.
- 1533 β Ivan the Terrible becomes Grand Prince of Moscow.
- 1547
- * City becomes capital of the grand duchy of Russia.
- * Fire.
- 1555 β Muscovy Trading Company of England active.
- 1560 β Saint Basil's Cathedral built.
- 1564 β Ivan Fyodorov (printer) active; Moscow Print Yard established.
- 1571 β City taken by Tartar forces from Crimea.
- 1576 β Paper mill established.
- 1591 β Donskoy Monastery founded.
- 1593 β Bely Gorod wall built.
- 1598 β Time of Troubles.
- 1600 β Zaikonospassky monastery founded.
- 1601 β Famine.
- 1611 β City taken by forces of Sigismund III of Poland.
- 1612 β Moscow Uprising of 1612.
- 1636 β Kazan Cathedral consecrated.
- 1652
- * Nativity Church at Putinki built.
- * German Quarter developed near city.
- 1656 β Church of the Twelve Apostles dedicated in the Kremlin.
- 1661 β Saviour Cathedral built.
- 1662 β Copper Riot.
- 1672 β Chorina Comedy Theatre is founded.
- 1682 β Moscow Uprising of 1682.
- 1687 β Greek Latin School established.
- 1689 β Moscow Theological Academy Library established.
- 1692 β Vysokopetrovsky Monastery katholikon built.
- 1698 β Streltsy Uprising.
18th century
- 1701 β Sukharev Tower built.
- 1702 β Public theatre active.
- 1703
- * Vedomosti newspaper begins publication.
- * Peter the Great "encounters opposition" in Moscow which compels him to leave.
- 1708 β Moscow Governorate established.
- 1712 β Russian capital relocated from Moscow to Saint Petersburg.
- 1721 β Moscow Synodal Choir founded.
- 1728 β Russian capital moved back to Moscow under influence of the Supreme Privy Council.
- 1732 β Russian capital relocated back to Saint Petersburg.
- 1735 β Tsar Bell cast.
- 1739 β Fire.
- 1742 β Rampart built.
- 1748 β Fire.
- 1750 β Population: 150,000.
- 1752 β Fire.
- 1755 β Imperial University founded.
- 1764 β Foundling Hospital built.
- 1764 β Moscow Orphanage founded.
- 1765 β Novodevichii Institute founded.
- 1765 β Maiden Field Theatre founded.
- 1766 β Russian Theatre founded.
- 1769 β Znamensky Theatre founded.
- 1771
- * Chudov Monastery re-built.
- * Plague.
- * September: Plague Riot.
- * Vvedenskoye Cemetery in use.
- 1772 β Commercial School founded.
- 1773 β Catherine Palace reconstruction begins.
- 1775 β Platon Levshin becomes Metropolitan of Moscow.
- 1777 β Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery inaugurated near city.
- 1780 β Petrovsky Palace founded.
- 1782 β Police Board established.
- 1786 β Pashkov House built.
- 1787 β Senate House built.
- 1790 β Peterburskoye Schosse road paved.
- 1792 β Tverskaya Square laid out.
19th century
- 1805 β Moscow Society of Naturalists founded.
- 1806 β Maly Theatre founded.
- 1809 β Shchepkin Theatre School established.
- 1812
- * French invasion.
- * September: Fire of Moscow (1812).
- * Population: 250,000
- 1816 β Kremlin rebuilt.
- 1817 β Excise office built.
- 1821 β Philaret Drozdov becomes Metropolitan of Moscow.
- 1823 β Alexander Garden laid out.
- 1825 β Bolshoi Theatre opens.
- 1830 β Moscow Craft School established.
- 1849 β Grand Kremlin Palace built.
- 1851
- * Moscow β Saint Petersburg Railway begins operating.
- * Saint Petersburg railway station and Kremlin Armoury building constructed.
- 1856
- * The Russian Messenger begins publication.
- * Tretyakov Gallery initiated.
- 1861
- * PetushkiβMoscow railway built.
- * Public museum established.
- 1862
- * Nizhny Novgorod-Moscow railway built.
- * Rumiantsev Library established.
- * Moscow Yaroslavsky railway station built.
- 1864 β Kazansky railway station opens.
- 1865
- * Golitzyn museum established.
- * Industrial exhibit held.
- * Tolstoy's War and Peace begins publication in The Russian Messenger.
- 1866 β Moscow Conservatory and Moscow Merchant Bank founded.
- 1867 β Einem brothers chocolate factory founded.
- 1868 β Borodinsky Bridge built.
- 1870 β Belorussky railway station opens.
- 1871
- * Trade Bank founded.
- * Population: 611,970.
- 1872
- * State Historical Museum founded.
- * Moscow University for Women founded.
- 1877 β Premiere of Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake ballet.
- 1878 β Sokolniki Park established.
- 1880 β Pushkin statue installed in Strastnaya Square.
- 1882 β Population: 753,469.
- 1883
- * Cathedral of Christ the Saviour consecrated.
- * Redesign of coat of arms of Moscow adopted.
- 1885 β Private Opera established.
- 1887 β Morozovtsi Orekhovo-Zuevo Moskva formed.
- 1891 β May: French exhibit opens.
- 1892 β City Hall built.
- 1893 β Bazaar built in Kitay-Gorod.
- 1894 β Moscow Hermitage Garden opens.
- 1896
- * 26 May: Coronation of Nicholas II.
- * 30 May: Khodynka Tragedy.
- * December: Student demonstration.
- * Museum of History of Moscow founded.
- * Kursky railway station built.
- 1897
- * Russian Electrical Theatre opens.
- * Population: 988,610.
- 1898
- * Moscow Art Theatre founded.
- * All-Russia Insurance Company building constructed.
- * Novodevichy Cemetery inaugurated.
- 1899
- * 6 April: First electric Moscow tram begins operating.
- * 7 November: Premiere of Chekhov's Uncle Vanya.
- * Moscow City Chess Championship active.
- * "Student agitation" begins.
- 1900
- * Paveletsky railway station built.
- * Population: 1,023,817.
20th century
1900sβ1940s
- 1901 β Rizhsky railway station built.
- 1902 β Savyolovsky railway station built.
- 1903
- * Zimin Opera founded.
- * Hotel National in business.
- 1904
- * 29 June: 1904 Moscow tornado.
- * Yaroslavsky railway station rebuilt.
- 1905 β Moscow Uprising of 1905.
- 1907
- * Moscow Little Ring Railway begins operating.
- * Hotel Metropol built.
- * Population: 1,359,254.
- 1908 β Moscow Public University established.
- 1912
- * Durov Animal Theater founded.
- * Museum of Fine Arts opens.
- * Borodinsky Bridge rebuilt.
- 1913
- * Spaso House built.
- * Population: 1,817,100.
- 1914 β Shchukin Theatre Institute founded.
- 1916 β Automobile Moscow Society factory established.
- 1917 β 25 October-2 November: Moscow Bolshevik Uprising.
- 1918
- * March: City becomes capital of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
- * July: Left SR uprising.
- * Moscow Soviet of People's Deputies established.
- * Kiyevsky railway station built.
- * Izvestia newspaper in publication.
- 1919
- * March: Founding Congress of the Comintern held.
- * Moscow State Jewish Theater established.
- 1920 β Treaty of Moscow (1920)
- 1921
- * Moscow Children's Theatre opens.
- * Moscow Institute of Oriental Studies established.
- 1921 β Treaty of Moscow (1921)
- 1922 β Moscow Sport Circle formed.
- 1923 β Moscow Municipal Council of Professional Unions theatre founded.
- 1924
- * Lenin Mausoleum established.
- * All-Union Radio begins broadcasting.
- 1925
- * Lenin Library active.
- * Yermolova Theatre founded.
- 1928 β Rusakov Workers' Club and Zuev Workers' Club buildings constructed.
- 1929
- * Moscow Oblast and Moscow Circus School established.
- * Kauchuk Factory Club built.
- 1930 β Moscow State Institute for History and Archives and Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys established.
- 1934 β Museum of Architecture founded.
- 1935
- * 15 May: Moscow Metro begins operating.
- * Hotel Moskva in business.
- 1936
- * Moscow Trials begin in the House of the Unions.
- * 2 May: Premiere of Prokofiev's Peter and the Wolf.
- 1937
- * Smolensky Metro Bridge built.
- * Volga-Moscow canal opens.
- 1938 β Gorbunov Palace of Culture, Bolshoy Kamenny Bridge, and Bolshoy Ustinsky Bridge built.
- 1939 β Population: 4,137,018.
- 1941 β October: Battle of Moscow begins.
- 1942 β January: Battle of Moscow ends.
- 1943 β Laboratory No. 2 of the USSR Academy of Sciences established.
- 1945 β 24 June: Moscow Victory Parade of 1945.
- 1948 β Museum of Lenin's funeral train founded.
1950sβ1990s
- 1953 β 5 March: Joseph Stalin dies.
- 1954 β Hotel Leningradskaya built.
- 1957
- * Moscow Central Clinical Hospital opened.
- * City hosts Ice hockey world championship
- * City hosts 6th World Festival of Youth and Students.
- 1959
- * Moscow International Film Festival officially starts with its debut edition.
- * Population: 5,032,000.
- * 24 July: NixonβKhrushchev Kitchen Debate occurs at the American National Exhibition.
- 1960
- * Peoples' Friendship University founded.
- * Moscow Ring Road is the new city border. Tushino, Babushkin, Perovo, Kuntsevo, Lyublino became parts of Moscow.
- * Over five million Muscovites are vaccinated in order to end the.
- 1961
- * Rossiya Cinema built.
- * October: American Committee for Non-Violent Action peace walkers arrive in Moscow.
- 1962
- * established.
- * Moscow Domodedovo Airport opens.
- 1963 β Nuclear Test Ban Treaty signed in Moscow.
- 1964 β Taganka Theatre founded.
- 1965 β Population: 6,366,000.
- 1966 β Gorizont Cinema opens.
- 1968 β 25 August: 1968 Red Square demonstration.
- 1970 β Population: 6,941,961.
- 1971 β Great Moscow State Circus auditorium opens.
- 1979
- * Spartak Tennis Club built.
- * Moscow Virtuosi orchestra formed.
- 1980 β 1980 Summer Olympics held.
- 1981 β Moscow International Peace Marathon begins.
- 1982 β Satyricon Theatre opens its doors.
- 1985 β Population: 8,642,000.
- 1988 β Moscow People's Front organized.
- 1989
- * August: Moscow Music Peace Festival.
- * Population: 8,967,332.
- 1990
- * Gavriil Kharitonovich Popov becomes mayor.
- * Moscow Federation of Trade Unions and Sobinbank founded.
- * Kremlin Cup tennis tournament begins.
- 1991
- * August: 1991 Soviet coup d'Γ©tat attempt.
- * Moscow Chamber of Commerce and Russian State University for the Humanities established.
- * Prix Benois de la Danse begins.
- 1992
- * Moscow Interbank Currency Exchange and Russian Institute of Strategic Studies established.
- * Yury Luzhkov becomes mayor.
- * Moscow Times English-language newspaper begins publication.
- * Figure Skating Federation of Russia headquartered in city.
- 1993
- * Moscow designated capital of the Russian Federation per Constitution.
- * TV-6 begins broadcasting.
- * Moscow City Duma and American Center in Moscow founded.
- * Kazan Cathedral reconstructed.
- 1995
- * Arch Moscow exhibit begins.
- * Hungry Duck bar in business.
- * Monument erected in Victory Park.
- 1996 β 11 November: Kotlyakovskoya Cemetery bombing.
- 1997
- * Memorial Mosque built on Poklonnaya Hill.
- * Moscow Marathon Luzhniki begins.
- 1999 β September: Apartment bombing.
- 2000 β City becomes part of the Central Federal District.
21st century
- 2002 β 23β26 October: Moscow theater hostage crisis.
- 2003
- * Moscow International Performing Arts Centre opens.
- * 9 December: 2003 Red Square bombing.
- * Federation Tower construction begins.
- 2004
- * Moscow Monorail begins operating.
- * Grand Prix of Moscow cycling race begins.
- * February 2004 Moscow Metro bombing.
- * August 2004 Moscow Metro bombing.
- 2005
- * Moscow Biennale of Contemporary Art begins.
- * 2 July: Live 8 concert, Moscow held in Red Square.
- 2006
- * 21 August: 2006 Moscow market bombing.
- * Protest against ban of Moscow Pride.
- * IgroMir begins.
- * Triumph Palace erected in the Sokol neighborhood.
- 2007
- * Museum of Soviet Arcade Machines established.
- * Naberezhnaya Tower built.
- 2009
- * City of Capitals built.
- * Eurovision Song Contest held.
- * Kirill becomes Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia.
- 2010
- * 29 March: 2010 Moscow Metro bombings.
- * Vladimir Resin becomes mayor, succeeded by Sergey Sobyanin.
- 2011
- * 24 January: Domodedovo International Airport bombing.
- * Moscow Exchange established.
- 2012 β March: Arrest of Pussy Riot performers.
- 2013
- * 8 September: Moscow mayoral election, 2013.
- 2014 β Peace Procession against war in Ukraine
- * Population: 11,794,282.
- 2015
- * 27 February: Politician Nemtsov assassinated.
- * Gulag museum opens.
- 2016 β 10 September: Moscow Central Ring of the Little Ring of the Moscow Railway begins operating.
- 2018
- * 5 May β Cossack consplayers attacking to people, mainly to scholars.
- * FIFA World Cup 2018 in Russia. Luzhniki and Spartak stadiums host matches.
- 2020
- * August β Destroying of the Moscow trolley system.