Phrynobatrachus
Phrynobatrachus is a genus of Sub-Saharan frogs that form the monogeneric family Phrynobatrachidae. Their common name is puddle frogs, dwarf puddle frogs, African puddle frogs, or African river frogs.
The common name, puddle frog, refers to the fact that many species breed in temporary waterbodies such as puddles.
Phrynobatrachus are among the most common amphibians in Africa. They are typically small, fast-moving frogs. They occupy a variety of habitats from dry savannas to rainforests. Most species deposit many small eggs as a surface clutch in standing or slowly moving water and have tadpoles.
Taxonomy
Phrynobatrachidae has earlier been considered as a subfamily of Ranidae, but its recognition as a family is now well-established. It is probably most closely related to Petropedetidae and Pyxicephalidae or Ptychadenidae.
This large genus may be further divided into three major clades. These clades could be treated as different genera, but this arrangement is not yet in use.
Species
There are currently 96 species in this genus:Phrynobatrachus acridoides Phrynobatrachus acutirostris Nieden, 1912Phrynobatrachus afiabirago Ofori-Boateng, Leaché, Obeng-Kankam, Kouamé, Hillers & Rödel, 2018Phrynobatrachus africanus Phrynobatrachus albifer Phrynobatrachus albomarginatus De Witte, 1933Phrynobatrachus alleni Parker, 1936Phrynobatrachus ambanguluensis Greenwood, Loader, Lawson, Greenbaum, and Zimkus, 2020Phrynobatrachus amieti Nečas, Dolinay, Zimkus, and Gvoždík, 2021Phrynobatrachus annulatus Perret, 1966Phrynobatrachus anotis Schmidt and Inger, 1959Phrynobatrachus arcanus Gvoždík, Nečas, Dolinay, Zimkus, Schmitz, and Fokam, 2020Phrynobatrachus asper Laurent, 1951Phrynobatrachus auritus Boulenger, 1900Phrynobatrachus batesii Phrynobatrachus bequaerti Phrynobatrachus bibita Goutte, Reyes-Velasco, and Boissinot, 2019Phrynobatrachus breviceps Pickersgill, 2007Phrynobatrachus brevipalmatus Phrynobatrachus brongersmai Parker, 1936Phrynobatrachus bullans Crutsinger, Pickersgill, Channing, and Moyer, 2004Phrynobatrachus calcaratus Phrynobatrachus chukuchuku Zimkus, 2009Phrynobatrachus congicus Phrynobatrachus cornutus Phrynobatrachus cricogaster Perret, 1957Phrynobatrachus cryptotis Schmidt and Inger, 1959Phrynobatrachus dalcqi Laurent, 1952Phrynobatrachus danko Blackburn, 2010Phrynobatrachus dendrobates Phrynobatrachus discogularis Pickersgill, Zimkus, and Raw, 2017Phrynobatrachus dispar Phrynobatrachus elberti Phrynobatrachus francisci Boulenger, 1912Phrynobatrachus fraterculus Phrynobatrachus gastoni Barbour and Loveridge, 1928Phrynobatrachus ghanensis Schiøtz, 1964Phrynobatrachus giorgii De Witte, 1921Phrynobatrachus graueri Phrynobatrachus guineensis Guibé and Lamotte, 1962Phrynobatrachus gutturosus Phrynobatrachus hieroglyphicus Rödel, Ohler, and Hillers, 2010Phrynobatrachus horsti Rödel, Burger, Zassi-Boufou, Emmrich, Penner, and Barej, 2015Phrynobatrachus hylaios Perret, 1959Phrynobatrachus inexpectatus Largen, 2001Phrynobatrachus intermedius Rödel, Boateng, Penner, and Hillers, 2009Phrynobatrachus irangi Drewes and Perret, 2000Phrynobatrachus jimzimkusi Zimkus, Gvoždík, and Gonwouo, 2013Phrynobatrachus kakamikro Schick, Zimkus, Channing, Köhler, and Lötters, 2010Phrynobatrachus keniensis Barbour and Loveridge, 1928Phrynobatrachus kinangopensis Angel, 1924Phrynobatrachus krefftii Boulenger, 1909Phrynobatrachus latifrons Ahl, 1924Phrynobatrachus leveleve Uyeda, Drewes, and Zimkus, 2007Phrynobatrachus liberiensis Barbour and Loveridge, 1927Phrynobatrachus mababiensis FitzSimons, 1932Phrynobatrachus maculiventris Guibé and Lamotte, 1958Phrynobatrachus manengoubensis Phrynobatrachus mayokoensis Rödel, Burger, Zassi-Boulou, Emmrich, Penner, and Barej, 2015Phrynobatrachus mbabo Gvoždík, Nečas, Dolinay, Zimkus, Schmitz, and Fokam, 2020Phrynobatrachus minutus Phrynobatrachus nanus Phrynobatrachus natalensis Phrynobatrachus njiomock Zimkus and Gvoždík, 2013Phrynobatrachus ogoensis Phrynobatrachus pakenhami Loveridge, 1941Phrynobatrachus pallidus Pickersgill, 2007Phrynobatrachus parkeri De Witte, 1933Phrynobatrachus parvulus Phrynobatrachus perpalmatus Boulenger, 1898Phrynobatrachus petropedetoides Ahl, 1924Phrynobatrachus phyllophilus Rödel and Ernst, 2002Phrynobatrachus pintoi Hillers, Zimkus, and Rödel, 2008Phrynobatrachus plicatus Phrynobatrachus pygmaeus Phrynobatrachus rainerguentheri Rödel, Onadeko, Barej, and Sandberger, 2012Phrynobatrachus rouxi Phrynobatrachus rungwensis Phrynobatrachus ruthbeateae Rödel, Doherty-Bone, Kouete, Janzen, Garrett, Browne, Gonwouo, Barej, and Sandberger, 2012Phrynobatrachus sandersoni Phrynobatrachus scapularis Phrynobatrachus scheffleri Phrynobatrachus schioetzi Blackburn and Rödel, 2011Phrynobatrachus steindachneri Nieden, 1910Phrynobatrachus sternfeldi Phrynobatrachus stewartae Poynton and Broadley, 1985Phrynobatrachus sulfureogularis Laurent, 1951Phrynobatrachus taiensis Perret, 1988Phrynobatrachus tanoeensis Kpan, Kouamé, Barej, Adeba, Emmrich, Boateng, and Rödel, 2018Phrynobatrachus tokba Phrynobatrachus ukingensis Phrynobatrachus ungujae Pickersgill, 2007Phrynobatrachus uzungwensis Grandison and Howell, 1983Phrynobatrachus versicolor Ahl, 1924Phrynobatrachus villiersi Guibé, 1959