November 1921

November 1, 1921 (Tuesday)

• Averil Deverell and Frances Kyle became the first two women to be admitted to the practice of law in the United Kingdom.
• After U.S. Senator Thomas E. Watson of Georgia said in a speech that American soldiers had been hanged in France without proper trial, the Senate ordered the appointment of a special subcommittee to investigate.
• The U.S. State Department notified the Republic of China of a default on payment on a loan of $5.5 million.
• Groundbreaking for the Liberty Memorial in Kansas City, Missouri, was held in conjunction with the national convention of the American Legion, and was attended by commanders of the Allied nations, including then-Vice President Calvin Coolidge, Lieutenant General Baron Jacques of Belgium, Admiral of the Fleet Lord Beatty of Great Britain, General Armando Diaz of Italy, Marshal Ferdinand Foch of France, and General of the Armies John J. Pershing of the United States. The monument would be completed and dedicated five years later, on November 11, 1926.
• A storm off the coast of Cape May, New Jersey, killed 11 fishermen who had been at sea to take up their fishing nets for the winter.

  November 2, 1921 (Wednesday)

• The Emirate of Jabal Shammar, whose territory included most of the northern part of modern Saudi Arabia including the city of Ha'il, was conquered by the armies of the Sultanate of Nejd, led by Abdulaziz bin Abdul al-Saud, who united the Saudi kingdom under his control.
• The Swedish cargo ship Bellgrove foundered in the North Sea off Denmark near Lønstrup, killing 15 of the 19 crew.
• The British government asked the Soviet government in Moscow to be specific regarding payment of which pre-war debts of the Russian Empire would be paid back to the United Kingdom for loans during World War One.
• Born: Søren Kam, Danish-born member of the German SS who eluded prosecution for the murder of Danish newspaper editor Carl Henrik Clemmensen; in Copenhagen.

  November 3, 1921 (Thursday)

• Curtiss test pilot Bert Acosta won the Pulitzer Trophy in a Curtiss CR-2, establishing a new closed-circuit air speed record of 284.36 km/h.
• A fire heavily damaged the docks and railroad yards of Weehawken, New Jersey.
• Born: Charles Bronson, American film actor, in Ehrenfeld, Pennsylvania

  November 4, 1921 (Friday)

• The Prime Minister of Japan since 1918, Hara Takashi was stabbed to death by railwayman Nakaoka Kon'ichi at the Tokyo railway station while preparing to take a train to Kyoto for a conference of the Rikken Seiyūkai political party.
• Italy's Unknown Soldier of World War One was buried with ceremony at the Victor Emmanuel monument in Rome.
• The All-India Congress Committee of 200 voted in favor of continuing its support of the Mahatma Gandhi's passive resistance movement against the colonial government of British India.
• Yugoslavia's King Alexander returned to Belgrade after a long illness in Paris and formally assumed the throne.
• The Hungarian National Assembly passed a bill barring the Hapsburg family permanently from ruling Hungary, and deported former King Karoly VI of Hungary and Queen Zita to exile in Madeira, following a direct request from the Allied Powers.
• The value of Germany's Deutsche Mark dropped to an all-time low of almost 1/4 of a U.S. penny, with one dollar being the equivalent of 243 Marks.
• The French cargo ship Député Gaston Dumesnil left Penarth, Glamorgan, United Kingdom for Rouen, Seine-Inférieure, but foundered in the Bristol Channel. The bodies of six of the crew were later washed up on the north coast of Cornwall.
• Died: Oscar Montelius, 78, Swedish archaeologist.

  November 5, 1921 (Saturday)

• The most powerful wireless radio broadcast transmitter array, up to that time, opened on Long Island at Rocky Point, New York. With 12 high powered transmitters, the station was capable of broadcasting signals almost halfway around the world to Asia, and was six times more powerful than the Arlington Station in Virginia.
• The late King Ludwig III of Bavaria was allowed a funeral in Munich with full honors in the German Republic, despite concerns that the occasion would be used as an excuse by monarchists to call for the restoration of the House of Wittelsbach to rule of the German state. Instead, former Bavarian Crown Prince Rupprecht avoided any call at the funeral for a restoration of the monarchy.
• The forward pass was tested in Canadian football in an exhibition game in Montreal between McGill University and visiting Syracuse University.
• Born: Princess Fawzia Fuad of Egypt, daughter of King Fuad I of Egypt, and Queen of Iran ; at Ras el-Tin Palace, Alexandria.
• Died: Reverend Antoinette Brown Blackwell, 96, the first woman to be ordained a minister in the United States.

  November 6, 1921 (Sunday)

• The parliament of Hungary voted to void any claims that former King Karoly IV or any other member of the House of Habsburg had to the Hungarian throne. The vote repealed the 208 year old Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 that had allowed the Habsburgs the right to rule Hungary.
• As inflation spiraled out of control in Germany, the Allied Reparations Commission announced its intention to go to Berlin to determine the prospects of Germany making its next reparations payment of $120,000,000 on the due date of January 15.
• In Rome, Pope Benedict XV appointed a young priest, Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli, as the president of Italy's branch of the Society for the Propagation of the Faith. Roncalli would continue to receive appointments to higher positions within the Roman Catholic Church, becoming a Cardinal in 1953, and would be elected as Pope John XXIII in 1958.
• Born: James Jones, American writer, in Robinson, Illinois.

  November 7, 1921 (Monday)

• Eusebio Ayala became the new President of Paraguay after being appointed by the National Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Manuel Gondra and the unsuccessful efforts of Vice President Félix Paiva to be accepted as Gondra's successor. Ayala served for almost 18 months, resigning on April 12, 1923.
• At Prague, representatives of the governments of Poland and Czechoslovakia signed a treaty providing cooperation on common matters and a pledge to not interfere in each other's policies.
• The Norwegian cargo ship Alf foundered in the North Sea, killing 16 of the 18 crew off of the coast of England near Lowestoft, Suffolk.

  November 8, 1921 (Tuesday)

• Serb forces from Yugoslavia invaded Albania, leading to the United Kingdom's protest in the League of Nations.
• The state of war that had existed since December 7, 1917, between the United States and the Empire of Austria, ended with the ratification of the U.S.–Austrian Peace Treaty.
• The Washington Daily News was launched in Washington, D.C. as an afternoon tabloid, becoming the national capital's fifth daily newspaper. Preferred by the African-American community in Washington, the Daily News existed for more than 50 years, before being purchased in 1972 by the older Washington Star and shut down on July 12.
• Born:
• *Gene Saks, American actor and film director, in New York City.
• *John Henry Sharpe, Premier of Bermuda from 1975 to 1977; in St. George's, Bermuda

  November 9, 1921 (Wednesday)

• The day after an unprecedented robbery of two million dollars from the main post office in New York City, the U.S. Department of the Post Office suspended three of the officials of the office, and requested the United States Marines to supply guards on mail trucks and railroad cars.
• Italy's National Fascist Party was founded at a convention of Fascist Italians in Rome. In protest over the Fascist agenda, a one-day general strike was called by labor unions within the Italian capital.
• Britain's Chancellor of the Exchequer, Sir Robert Horne, announced to the House of Commons that the United Kingdom would pay 50 million pounds sterling to the United States in 1922, representing the interest incurred on U.S. loans during 1921.
• Seven of the 18 crew on the Colombian cargo ship Mensabe died when the ship sank during a voyage from Panama City to Buenaventura.

  November 10, 1921 (Thursday)

• The British House of Commons was prorogued until January.
• Died: Dr. Jennie Kidd Trout, 80, the first woman in Canada to become a licensed M.D.

  November 11, 1921 (Friday)

• During an Armistice Day ceremony at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia, United States, the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier was dedicated by President Warren G. Harding.
• Using telephone lines that would later be part of a transcontinental radio broadcasting network, AT&T transmitted the Armistice Day speech of President Harding to auditoriums in New York City and San Francisco.
• The UK's first official "Poppy Day" took place on Remembrance Day; poppies were sold by the Royal British Legion at the instigation of Madame Guérin.
• On the third anniversary of the end of the First World War, the United States and Germany exchanged their formal ratifications of the 1921 peace treaty.
• Deruluft in Russia, and would operate until March 31, 1937, with a dissolution following a split between Hitler of Germany and Stalin of the USSR.
• Born: Terrel Bell, the second U.S. Secretary of Education; in Lava Hot Springs, Idaho.
• Died: John Augustine Zahm, 70, American Roman Catholic minister and South American explorer.

  November 12, 1921 (Saturday)

• The Washington Disarmament Conference, hosted by U.S. President Warren G. Harding. opened in Washington, D.C. and was attended by representatives of the U.S., the UK, France, Italy, Japan and China, with the objective of halting the arms race with an agreement among the world's superpowers to reduce the number of ships in their navies, although other matters were discussed at the same proceeding besides naval.
• General Jorge Holguín became the new President of Colombia after the resignation of President Marco Fidel Suárez.
• Nicaraguan troops defeated anti-government rebels who had attacked the town of Somotillo, near the Nicaraguan borders with Honduras and El Salvador.
• Badische Beamten-Genossenschaftsbank, one of the largest cooperative banks in Germany and now known as "BBBank", was founded in Karlsruhe by postal inspector Gotthold Mayer as means for government employees to save and borrow money.
• Died: Fernand Khnopff, 63, Belgian symbolist painter.