Minuscule 1071
Minuscule 1071 is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the four Gospels, written on parchment. It is designated as 1071 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, and as ε1279 in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts. Using the study of comparative writing styles, it is dated to the 12th century. Biblical scholar Kirsopp Lake described it as having "great features of interest." It is one of the many manuscripts from the monasteries on Mount Athos microfilmed for the Library of Congress and the International Greek New Testament project between 1952-53.
Description
The manuscript is a codex, containing the text of the four Gospels written on 181 parchment leaves. The text was written in two columns, with 26-28 lines a page. It was written by two or three copyists, somewhere either in Italy or Sicily. The codex contains the letter to Carpius, Eusebian canons, tables of contents before each gospel, pictures of the Evangelists before each gospel, the chapter titles written at the top of the pages, the Synaxerion, the menologion, and at the end of each gospel the list of lines are noted. According to Lake, the spelling of words in the manuscript is "very bad".After the gospels of Matthew and Mark there are contained two colophon's, the first of which after Matthew is known as the "Jerusalem colophon", which states that the manuscript was copied and corrected "from the ancient manuscripts in Jerusalem." The subscriptions to Luke and John are absent.
| Gospel | Greek | English |
| Matthew | ἐυαγγέλιον κατα Ματθαῖον ἐγράφη καἰ ἀντεβλήθη ἐκ τῶν ἐν Ἱεροσολυμοις παλαιῶν ἀντιγράφων τῶν ἐν τῷ ἁγιῳ ὄρει ἀποκειμενων. στχ., | Gospel according to Matthew. Copied and corrected from the ancient manuscripts in Jerusalem preserved on the Holy Mountain. 2500 lines. |
| Mark | ἐυαγγέλιον κατὰ Μάρκον. ἐγράφη καἰ ἀντεβλήθη ὁμοίως ἐκ τῶν ἐσπουδασμένων. στχ.,. | Gospel according to Mark. Copied and corrected likewise from the best ones. 1590 lines. |
These colophon's are seen in several other manuscripts: Λ, 20, 117, 153, 157, 164, 215, 262, 300, 376, 428, 565, 566, 686, 718,
728, 748, 829, 899, 901, 922, 980, 1032, 1071, 1118, 1121, 1124, 1187, 1198, 1355, 1422,
1521, 1545, 1555, 1682, 2145, and 2245.
Text
Biblical scholar Burnett H. Streeter classified its text as a tertiary witness to the Caesarean type. The text-types are groups of different New Testament manuscripts which share specific or generally related readings, which then differ from each other group, and thus the conflicting readings can separate out the groups. These are then used to determine the original text as published; there are three main groups with names: Alexandrian, Western, and Byzantine. The Caesarean text-type however has been contested by several text-critics, such as Kurt and Barbara Aland. Aland placed it in Category III of his New Testament manuscript text classification system. Category III manuscripts are described as having "a small but not a negligible proportion of early readings, with a considerable encroachment of readings, and significant readings from other sources as yet unidentified." Among Aland's test collation passages, the codex has 180 variants in agreement with the Byzantine text, 90 with the Byzantine and Nestle-Aland texts, 21 with the Nestle-Aland text, and 33 distinctive readings.According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents the Alexandrian text-type as a core member. The text of Luke 22:43-44 is not included in the main text, two verses which are also missing in several other manuscripts, however they have been written in the margin.
Lake noted that several readings in the Jesus and the woman caught in adultery story had "remarkable similarity" to readings in Codex Bezae, with eight variants which are only shared between the two manuscripts. Especially the reading ἐπὶ ἀμαρτίᾳ as opposed to επι μοιχεὶᾳ in 8:3, a reading which was read by the early church father Papias in the uncanonical gospel "the gospel to the Hebrews", as quoted by early church father Eusebius. Lake postulated that it was possible both Bezae and 1071 were in the same location at some point in south Italy, and the copyist of 1071 used Codex Bezae as an exemplar to copy from when copying John 7:53-8:11. However due to no major similarities between the two in the rest of minuscule 1071, Lake surmised that if it was codex Bezae which was used, it wasn't using for any other section..