List of phyllostomids
Phyllostomidae is one of the twenty families of bats in the mammalian order Chiroptera and is part of the microbat suborder. Members of this family are called phyllostomids or leaf-nosed bats. They are found in South America, Central America, and southern North America, primarily in forests and caves, though some species can also be found in grasslands, savannas, or wetlands. They range in size from the little white-shouldered bat, at and no tail, to the greater spear-nosed bat, at plus a tail. Like all bats, phyllostomids are capable of true and sustained flight, and have forearm lengths ranging from multiple species with, to the greater spear-nosed bat at. They primarily eat insects, fruit, nectar, and pollen, though the greater spear-nosed bat, big-eared woolly bat, and spectral bat will also eat birds, bats, and small mammals, and the three vampire bat species of the subfamily Desmodontinae solely consume blood. Almost no phyllostomids have population estimates, though the greater long-nosed bat, Bokermann's nectar bat, Dekeyser's nectar bat, Fernandez's sword-nosed bat, Guadeloupe big-eyed bat, and Lesser yellow-shouldered bat are categorized as endangered species, and the Jamaican flower bat is categorized as critically endangered with a population as low as around 250 mature individuals.
The 202 extant species of Phyllostomidae are divided into 11 subfamilies: Carolliinae, with 8 species in a single genus; Desmodontinae, with 3 species in 3 genera; Glossophaginae, with 37 species in 16 genera; Glyphonycterinae, with 5 species in 3 genera; Lonchophyllinae, with 16 species in 2 genera; Lonchorhininae, with a single genus of 5 species; Macrotinae, with a single genus of 2 species; Micronycterinae, with 12 species in 2 genera; Phyllostominae, with 22 species in 10 genera; Rhinophyllinae, with a single genus of 3 species; and Stenodermatinae, with 89 species in 20 genera. Several extinct prehistoric phyllostomid species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed.
Conventions
The author citation for the species or genus is given after the scientific name; parentheses around the author citation indicate that this was not the original taxonomic placement. Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the phyllostomid's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted.Classification
Phyllostomidae is a family that consists of 202 species in 60 genera divided into eleven subfamilies: Carolliinae, Desmodontinae, Glossophaginae, Glyphonycterinae, Lonchophyllinae, Lonchorhininae, Macrotinae, Micronycterinae, Phyllostominae, Rhinophyllinae, and Stenodermatinae.Family Phyllostomidae
- Subfamily Carolliinae
- * Genus Carollia : eight species
- Subfamily Desmodontinae
- * Genus Desmodus : one species
- * Genus Diaemus : one species
- * Genus Diphylla : one species
- Subfamily Glossophaginae
- * Genus Anoura : nine species
- * Genus Brachyphylla : two species
- * Genus Choeroniscus : three species
- * Genus Choeronycteris : one species
- * Genus Dryadonycteris : one species
- * Genus Erophylla : two species
- * Genus Glossophaga : five species
- * Genus Hylonycteris : one species
- * Genus Leptonycteris : three species
- * Genus Lichonycteris : two species
- * Genus Monophyllus : two species
- * Genus Musonycteris : one species
- * Genus Phyllonycteris : two species
- * Genus Platalina : one species
- * Genus Scleronycteris : one species
- * Genus Xeronycteris : one species
- Subfamily Glyphonycterinae
- * Genus Glyphonycteris : three species
- * Genus Neonycteris : one species
- * Genus Trinycteris : one species
- Subfamily Lonchophyllinae
- * Genus Lionycteris : one species
- * Genus Lonchophylla : fifteen species
- Subfamily Lonchorhininae
- * Genus Lonchorhina : five species
- Subfamily Macrotinae
- * Genus Macrotus : two species
- Subfamily Micronycterinae
- * Genus Lampronycteris : one species
- * Genus Micronycteris : eleven species
- Subfamily Phyllostominae
- * Genus Chrotopterus : one species
- * Genus Gardnerycteris : two species
- * Genus Lophostoma : seven species
- * Genus Macrophyllum : one species
- * Genus Mimon : two species
- * Genus Phylloderma : one species
- * Genus Phyllostomus : four species
- * Genus Tonatia : two species
- * Genus Trachops : one species
- * Genus Vampyrum : one species
- Subfamily Rhinophyllinae
- * Genus Rhinophylla : three species
- Subfamily Stenodermatinae
- * Genus Ametrida : one species
- * Genus Ardops : one species
- * Genus Ariteus : one species
- * Genus Artibeus : twelve species
- * Genus Centurio : one species
- * Genus Chiroderma : five species
- * Genus Dermanura : eleven species
- * Genus Ectophylla : one species
- * Genus Enchisthenes : one species
- * Genus Mesophylla : one species
- * Genus Phyllops : one species
- * Genus Platyrrhinus : eighteen species
- * Genus Pygoderma : one species
- * Genus Sphaeronycteris : one species
- * Genus Stenoderma : one species
- * Genus Sturnira : twenty-two species
- * Genus Uroderma : two species
- * Genus Vampyressa : three species
- * Genus Vampyriscus : three species
- * Genus Vampyrodes : two species