List of traditional territories of the Indigenous peoples of North America
A traditional territory comprises all of the lands which an Indigenous nation ever claimed, not just the present-day reservation. This article is about the name for the traditional territory itself, rather than the name of the nation/tribe/people. The distinction between nation and land is like the French people versus the modern nation-state of France, the Saami people versus their land of Sápmi, or the Māori people versus their country: Aotearoa. For example, Mi'kma'ki is the traditional territory or country of the Mi'kmaw Nation.
In English, the land of an indigenous nation was historically, and sometimes still is, referred to as a "country," such as " Micmac country". Some Latinate forms exist in English such as "Iroquoia", "Huronia", "Apachería", and "Comanchería".
List of traditional territories
| Autonym for the traditional territory | Conventional or historic English monikers for the traditional territory, with various attested spellings | The people affiliated with that territory | Further information |
| ? The Aa'ku traditional territory—autonym unknown. | the Acoma country, the Acoma homeland | Aa'ku | - |
| ? The A'aninin traditional territory—autonym unknown. | Gros Ventre country, the Gros Ventre country, the Gros Ventre homeland | A'aninin See also Niitsitpiis-stahkoii, the traditional territory of the wider Blackfoot Confederacy. | - |
| ÁLEṈENEȻ, ÁLEṈENEȻ TŦE W̱SÁNEĆ, Á,LEṈENEȻ ȽTE | W̱SÁNEĆ territory, Saanich Territorial Homelands, Saanich Country | W̱SÁNEĆ | - |
| ? The Andastoerrhonon traditional territory—autonym is Conestoga Homeland | the Susquehannock country, the Susquehannock homeland, the Andaste country, Andaste, the Conestoga country, the Minquas country, the Minquas' Land, the Minquas land | Andastoerrhonon In the Huron and French languages of the Jesuit mission era: Gandastogue, Andastoé, Andastogué., Conestoga people today and traditionally call themselves Conestoga. The "co" part of the word is a prefix that refers to "people". The "ne" part of the word carries a tone that causes this part of the word to mean "of". The "stog" part of the word means "long ridge pole" and refers to geologic formations. The "a" part of the word depending on syllable length means "country" or "nation". Conestoga Language is a tonal language in which tone changes word meaning, vowel length changes word meaning, and tone and vowel length can work together to change word meaning. Also, the English spelling does not accurately reflect the pronunciation of the word, but the pronunciation of the word by non-Conestoga speakers in the Conestoga Homeland is fairly accurate. | - |
| Anishinaabewaki, Anishinaabe Ahiki, Anishinaabe-aki, Anishinaabeg Akiing | Anishinaabe Country, Anishinaabe country, the Anishinaabe Aki | Anishinaabe are a supra-national identity which encompasses the three nations of the Three Fires Confederacy: the Ojibwe, the Odawa, and the Potawatomi, plus the culturally related Algonquin, Mississauga, and Nipissing. Because the name "Anishinaabe" also serves as a synonym for "Ojibwe" or "Odawa" and also means "Indian", the various forms of "Anishinaabe Aki" can also mean "Ojibwe country", "Odawa country", and also "Indian Country" in general. French: l'Anishinabe Aki. "The Nishnawbe Aski territory" refers to the land of the amalgamated national identity which was formed in 1983 by the OjiCree-, Ojibway-, Cree-, and Algonquin-speaking bands which were party to the two treaties which cover Northern Ontario. See also the entries for Ojibwewaki, Bodéwadmiakiwen, and Omàmiwininiwak traditional territory. | - |
| Apsáalooke Issawua, Absarog-Issawua | Crow country, the Crow country, the Land of the Crow Indians | Apsáalooke | - |
| Atna Nenn' | Ahtna Country, the Ahtna country | Ahtna The traditional territory of the Upper Ahtna people is called Tatl'ahwt'aenn Nenn. | - |
| ? The Attawandaron traditional territory—autonym unknown. | the Neutral country, the country of the Neutrals, the Neutrals' territory | Attawandaron Nation The Kahkwa nation was either one of the Erie or Neutral nations, or the name in the Seneca language for the Neutral and Erie nations as a whole. In the Huron language, the Kahkwa traditional territory is called Atrakwae. In English, it has been referred to as "Kahkwa territory". | - |
| Báxoje Máyan | Ioway country, the Iowa country | Báxoje In the Skiri Pawnee language: Pahkutawiru "among the Ioway, in Ioway country." | - |
| Bodéwadmiakiwen, Bodewadmi kik | the Potawatomi country, Potawatomi land | Bodéwadmi In the Skiri Pawnee language: Raawaruhkisiru. See also Anishinaabewaki. | - |
| Chahta Yakni | Choctaw country, the Choctaw country | Chahta In Choctaw legend, "Chahta" is the name of the first man to come out of the earth. | - |
| Chicora | the land of Chicora | Chicora Spanish: tierra de Chicora. | - |
| Chikashsha Yakni, Chikasha yakni | Chickasaw Country, the Chickasaw country | Chikashsha In Chickasaw legend, "Chicksa" is the name of the second man to come out of the earth. | - |
| Dákéyi, Dän Keyi | Southern Tutchone Territory | Southern Tutchone | - |
| Dän Kezhi | Northern Tutchone Territory | Northern Tutchone | - |
| Dane-z̲aa nanéʔ | Dane-z̲aa territory; Beaver territory | Dane-z̲aa people The Dakelh call the Dane-z̲aa Tsattine / Tsat'en and the Plains Cree called them Amiskiwiyiniw, both meaning "Those who live among the beaver" or "Beaver People." | - |
| Denaʼina Ełnena | Dena'ina territory; the Dena'ina homeland | Dena'ina people | - |
| Denendeh | the Dene country | The Dene name has two primary meanings:
See also Tłı̨chǫ Ndè. | - |
| Diné Bikéyah, Naabeehó Bikéyah, Dinétah | Navajoland, the Navajo country | Diné In contrast to Diné Bikéyah, the name Dinétah can refer specifically to the original homeland, in contrast to the wider territory which resulted from the Navajos' westerly expansion in historic times. The name Naabeehó Bináhásdzo refers to the Navajo reservation jurisdiction and its political government. | - |
| Dule Nega, Dulenega, Tulenega, Guna Yala | the Guna homeland, the Guna country, Guna country, the Dule homeland | Dule Besides being a name of entire traditional territory, Guna Yala is also specifically the name of the Panamanian political administrative comarca where the Guna are based. That political division was formerly known as Comarca Guna Yala, the Province of San Blas, and the Comarca Tulenega. | - |
| Dusgaowehonoga, Dus-gaˊ-o-weh-o-noˊ-ga | Tuscarora country, the Tuscarora country | Ska-Ruh-Reh See also Haudenosauneega. | - |
| Eeyou Istchee ; coastal northern: Iiyiyiu Aschii, coastal southern: Iiyiyuu Aschii, inland: Iinuu Aschii | East Cree Territory, James Bay Cree Territory | East Cree Also called the James Bay Cree. | - |
| Gawi Wachi | the Tarahumara country, Tarahumara country, the Rarámuri country, Rarámuri country, | Rarámuri | - |
| Gweugwehonoga, Gwe-uˊ-gweh-o-noˊ-ga | Cayuga Country, Cayuga country, the Cayuga country | Guyohkohnyoh See also Haudenosauneega. | - |
| Haudenosauneega, Ho-de-no-sau-nee-ga, Aquanishuonigy | Iroquoia, the Iroquois Country, the Country of the Confederate Indians, the Country of the Five Nations, the Country of the Six Nations. | The Haudenosaunee Confederacy. The confederated identity encompasses the Mohawk, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, and Onondaga. Other nations, such as the Tuscarora, were adopted by the Haudenosaunee in historic times. French: L'Iroquoisie, Pays des Iroquois, Haudenosauneega or Aquanishuonigy is traditionally composed of five "countries": 1) "Aquanishuonigy proper" Ohi-yo Tiiuchsochruntie ''Couchsachrage Skaniadarade. See also Kanién:ke, Onayotekaonoga, Gweugwehonoga, Nundawaonoga, Onundagaonoga, and Dusgaowehonoga. | - |
| Hiakim | the Yaqui country, the Yaqui homeland, Yaqui lands, Yaqui land, the Yaqui Homelands | Yoeme | - |
| Hinono'eino' Biito'owu' | Arapaho country, the Arapaho country, the Arapaho homeland, Arapahoe country, the Arapahoe homeland | Hinono'eino In the Skiri Pawnee language: Sariˀitihkawiru. | - |
| Hopitutskwa, Hopi Tutskwa | Hopiland, Hopi Land, Hopi lands, the Hopi Tutskwa, the Hopi country, Hopi country | Hopi | - |
| ililîwaskiy | Moose Cree Territory | Moose Cree Moose Cree also go by the name Mōsonī. | - |
| ininîwaskiy | Eastern Swampy Cree territory | Swampy Cree Eastern Swampy Cree also go by the name Omaškêkowak. | - |
| Inokinki, Inokinghi | the Illinois Country, the Illinois country, the country of the Inoca, the Inoca homeland | The Inoca Confederacy traditionally includes these five principal nations: Cahokia, Kaskaskia, Michigamea, Peoria, and Tamaroa. There were several other, more obscure member nations in the early historic period. French: Pays des Illinois. The original meaning of the autonym Inoca, Inoka is presently unknown. | - |
| Inuit Nunaat, Inuit Nunangat | the Inuit homeland, the Inuit country, the Eskimo country | Inuit "We Eskimo are an international community sharing common language, culture, and a common land along the Arctic coast of Siberia, Alaska, Canada and Greenland. Although not a nation-state, as a people, we do constitute a nation." —Inuit Circumpolar Council-Alaska Inuit Nunaat is used by the international Inuit Circumpolar Council; for example in the April 2009 "Circumpolar Inuit Declaration on Sovereignty in the Arctic." Two months later, in June 2009, the Canadian-sponsored Inuit organization changed the name of the specifically Canadian Inuit regions from Inuit Nunaat to Inuit Nunangat. The four Canadian Inuit regions are the Inuvialuit Settlement Region, Nunavut, Nunavik, and Nunatsiavut. There is also NunatuKavut, the traditional territory of the NunatuKavummuit of southern Labrador. There are seven Alaskan Native Corporations which are predominantly Inuit in composition: Arctic Slope Regional Corporation, NANA Regional Corporation, Bering Straits Native Corporation, Calista Corporation, Bristol Bay Native Corporation, Koniag, Inc., and Chugach Alaska Corporation. The existing Inuit-affiliated political divisions and regional corporations only partially reflect the traditional cultural and linguistic diversity of the Inuitic peoples. For example, the boundaries of the Danish political entity Kalaallit Nunaat are bigger than the traditional territory of the Kalaallit proper. There are two other Inuitic peoples in Greenland: the Tunumiit, who live in Tunu and the Inughuit of North Greenland. | - |
| Īthiniwaskiy | Rocky Cree territory | Rocky Cree Also called Asinikaw Īthiniwak, Rocky Cree are often grouped alongside Woodland Cree, though many see them as a distinct group of Cree. | - |
| Jiwére Máyan, Wadodana Máyan | Otoe country, the Otoe country, the country of the Otoe Indians | Jíwere Nation | - |
| Ǥáuidàumgya | Kiowa country, the Kiowa country, the Kiowa homeland | Ka'igwu Nation In the Skiri Pawnee language: Kaˀiwaru. | - |
| Kanién:ke, Kanienkeh, Kanyę̂·ke, Ganeagaonoga, Gä-neă-ga-o-noˊ-ga | Mohawk country, the Mohawk country, Mohawk territory, the Mohawk homeland, the Mohawk homelands, the Mohawk Territory | Kanienʼkehá꞉ka Nation In the Huron and French languages of the Jesuit mission era: Annien̈ę, Agné, Agne, Agnée, Agnié, Agniée, Agniés, Agniez In the Maliseet language: Meqewihkuk. See also Haudenosauneega. | - |
| Karúk Veezívzaaneen | Karuk Country, Karuk country, Karuk territory | Karuk | - |
| Kaska Dena Kayeh, Kaska Kayeh, Kaska Dene Kʼéh Kayeh | Kaska territory, Kaska Dena territory, Kaska Dene Kʼéh territory | Kaska Dena | - |
| Kootzagwae | Mono Lake Tribe; Mono Lake Paiute; Kucadikadi | The Kootzaduka’a People | The name "Kootzaduka’a" is used by the band itself to refer to themselves as a people. They consider themselves a band of the Northern Paiute people. Therefore, the Kootzaduka'a homeland is Kootzagwae, which is part of the Northern Paiute homeland of Numu Tubewa. |
| Ktunaxa ʔamakʔis | Ktunaxa territory | Ktunaxa people | - |
| Kulhulmcilh Nuxalkulmc | Nuxalk country, Bella Coola country, the Bella Coola country | Nuxálk | - |
| Lakhota Makhoche | Lakota Country, the Lakota Country, the Lakota country, the Lakota homeland, the Teton country, the Teton Sioux homeland | Lakhota The Lakota nation is one of seven nations of the Oceti Šakowiŋ, the Seven Fires Council of the Great Sioux Nation. | - |
| Lënapehòkink, Lenapehoking, Lenape Hoking, Scheyischbi | Delaware Indian country, the Delaware Indian country, Lenape country, the Lenape country | Lenape Lenapehoking is reportedly a modern coining which could conceivably be used for any land which has been affiliated with the Lenape, such as the Ohio treaty lands and tribal jurisdiction in Oklahoma, while Scheyischbi refers to the original homeland on the Mid-Atlantic seaboard. | - |
| Lingít Aaní, Lingit Aani | Tlingit country, the Tlingit country, the Tlingit Country, Traditional Tlingit Country, the Tlingit homeland | Lingít | - |
| Mánu: Yį Įsuwą | Catawba Country, the Catawba country, the Catawba homeland | Iswa | - |
| Massa-adchu-es-et | Massachussett country | Massa-adchu-es-et In the Abenaki language: Msajosek. The English colony, later U.S. state, was named after the traditional territory and its people. The traditional territory of the Agawam band of Massachusett is named Wonnesquamsauke ; the name was shortened in English to "Agawam", "Squam", and "Annisquam". | - |
| Mayach | the Maya Homeland, the Mayan homeland | Uinicob | - |
| Métis Homeland, Mitchif Piyii | The Homeland of the Métis is in the three Prairie Provinces, as well as parts of Ontario, British Columbia, the Northwest Territories, and the Northern United States | Métis | - |
| Mēxihco | the Mexica homeland, the land of the Mexica, the land of the Mexica Indians | Mēxihcah The nation-state of Mexico is named after the traditional territory of the Mēxihcah people. | - |
| Mi'kma'ki, Migmagi | Mi'kmaq country, the Mi'kmaq homeland, Micmac country, the Micmac country, the Micmac homeland | Mi'kmaw In the Passamaquoddy-Maliseet language: Mihkomahkik. See also Wabanahkik. | - |
| Môhikaniks, Monheganick | Mohegan country, the Mohegan country, the Mohegan Homeland, the Mohegan homeland | Mohegan | - |
| ? Mozhóⁿ Kaáⁿze, ? Kaáⁿze Mozhóⁿ, ? Makaáⁿze | Kaw Country, Kaw country, the Kaw country, Kansa country, the Kansa country, the Kaw homeland | Kanza In the Skiri Pawnee language: Arahuuru. | - |
| Myaamionki | the Myaamiaki homeland, Miami country, the Miami country, the Miami Country, Miami Indian country, the Miami Indian country, the Miami homeland, homeland of the Miami Confederacy | Myaamiaki and Confederacy. The Miami Confederacy traditionally includes the Miami Nation proper, the Eel River, the Piankeshaw, and the Wea. See also Waayaahtanonki. | - |
| Nanticoke Ahkee, Nantaquak Ahkee, Nentego Ahkee, Nanticoke Pamtuckquah | Nanticoke country, the Nanticoke country, Nanticoke territory, the Nanticoke homeland | Nentego Nanticoke Pamtuckquah could refer to the original homeland along the Nanticoke River, while Nanticoke Ahkee would refer to post-exodus lands as well. | - |
| Na:tinixw | Hupa country, the Hupa country, the Hupa homeland, Hoopa country the Hoopa country | Hupa | - |
| Nayantaquit, Nayantakick, Nianticut, Nehantick, Naïantukq-ut, Naantucke, Naihantick 'Niantic, Nehântick, | Niantic country, the Niantic country, the Niantic territory | Nehântick | - |
| N'DahAhKiNaNa | the Mohican country, the Mohican homeland | Muh-he-ka-neew In the Abenaki language: Mahiganek. | - |
| Ndakinna, N'dakina | Abenaki country, the Abenaki country, the Abenaki homeland | Alnôbak In the Passamaquoddy-Maliseet language: Aponahkik. The traditional territory of the historic Wawenoc band, "the Wawenoc country", is called Mawooshen, "the Land of Mawooshen", Mavooshen, Moasham, and Mawashen, meaning "Berry Place." See also Wôbanakik. | - |
| nêhinawaskiy | Western Swampy Cree territory | Swampy Cree Also go by the name Mushkegowuk. | - |
| nēhiýaw-askiy , nēhiýānāhk , Paskwāwiýinīnāhk | Plains Cree territory, nêhiyaw territory, traditional Cree territory, the Cree country | Plains Cree | - |
| Nīhithawīaskiy | Woods Cree Territory, Woodland Cree Territory | Woodland Cree | - |
| Newe Segobia | Western Shoshone country, the Western Shoshone homeland, Newe Country, the Newe Country | The Newe People "Newe country" and "the Newe country" has also been applied in English to the traditional territory of any and all of the Newe peoples. | - |
| Niitsitpiis-stahkoii, Nitawahsin-nanni | Blackfoot country, the Blackfoot country, Blackfeet Country, the Blackfoot homeland | The Niitsitapi Confederacy traditionally includes the Káínaa, Piikani, Siksika, Tsu T'ina, and the Haaninin. See also the entry for Hinono'eino traditional territory. | - |
| Nionwentsïo, Wendake | Huronia, the Huron country, the Wyandot country, Wyandotte country, the Wyandotte country, the Wendat country, the Huron-Wendat country, Old Huronia | Wendat French: la Huronie, le pays des Hurons, Contrée des Hurons. In the Abenaki language: Ksitegwiiak. Unlike the Huron-Wendat in Quebec, the three Wendat groups in the U.S. trace their origin to the Tionontati, Wenro, and Neutral nations, and to only one of the original Huron nations, rather to the Huron Confederacy as a whole. | - |
| Nippenit, Nipnet, Neepnet, Neipnett Nipamaug, Nipmuck, Nipmug | Nipmuc Country, Nipmuc country, the Nipmuck Country, the Nipmuck country, the Nipmuc country the Nipmuc homeland | Nipamaug The traditional territory of the Wabaquasset band of Nipmuc is named Wabaquasset, Wabaquassuck. | - |
| Nitaskinan | Atikamekw country, traditional homeland of the Tête-de-Boule Indians | Atikamekw A historic French term is "pays des Têtes-de-Boules." | - |
| Nitassinan, Ntesinan | Innu country, the Innu country, Montagnais country, the Montagnais country, the Innu homeland | Innu An early French name: "le pays des Montagnais". Nitassinan refers to Innu territory as a whole. Innu Assi refers to those lands within Nitassinan whose title is held by the Innu. In the Passamaquoddy-Maliseet language: Muhtaniyewihkuk. | - |
| No-wa-mu | Jemez country, the Jemez country, the Jemez homeland, the Jemez World | Walatowa | - |
| Nʉmʉnʉʉ Sookobitʉ | Comanche country, the Comanche country, the Comanche homeland, the Comancheria, Comancheria | Nʉmʉnʉʉ Spanish: Comanchería, la Comanchería. In the Skiri Pawnee language: Raarihtaaru. | - |
| Nundawaonoga, Nun-daˊ-wä-o-noˊ-ga | Seneca country, the Seneca country | Onondowahgah See also Haudenosauneega. | - |
| Ñút^achi Máyan | the Missouria homeland, the Missouria country | Ñút^achi | - |
| Nutshimiu-aschiiy, Nuchimiiyu-chhiiy ; St'aschinuw | Naskapi country, the Naskapi country | Iyuw The Innu consider the Naskapi to be a component band of their nation, yet the Naskapi generally conceive of themselves to be a distinct nation from the Montagnais, with their own language. | - |
| Núuchi Tuvupu, Núuchi-tüvü-pü̱, Núu-agha-tʉvʉ-pʉ̱ | Ute Country, Uteland | Ute | - |
| ? The Ogáxpa traditional territory—autonym unknown. | Quapaw country, the Quapaw country, the Quapaw homeland | Ogáxpa In the Skiri Pawnee language: Uukaahpaawiru. | - |
| Ojibwewaki | the Chippewa country, the Ojibway country, Ojibwe country, Ojibwe Country, the Ojibwa country | Ojibwe See also Anishinaabewaki. | - |
| ? The Olekwo'l traditional territory—autonym unknown. | the Yurok country, Yurok country | Olekwo'l In the Karuk language: Yurúk Veezívzaaneen. | - |
| Omaeqnomenew-ahkew | Menominee country, the Menominee country, the Menominee homeland | Kiash Matchitiwuk | - |
| ? The Omàmiwininiwak traditional territory—autonym unknown. | Algonquia, the Algonquin country, the Algonquin homeland | Omàmiwininiwak In the Abenaki language: Os8gonek, and in French: Algonquinie. See also Anishinaabewaki. | - |
| Onayotekaonoga, O-naˊ-yote-kä-o-noˊ-ga Onyota'a:ka', Onʌyoteʼa·ka·' | Oneida country, the Oneida country, the Country of the Oneidas, the Oneida Territory, the Oneida homeland | Onayotekaono See also Haudenosauneega. | - |
| Onundagaonoga, O-nunˊdä-ga-o-noˊ-ga | Onondaga Country, Onondaga country, the Onondaga country, the original country of Onondaga | Onundagaono See also Haudenosauneega. | - |
| O'odham Jeweḍ | O'odham country, Papago and Pima country | O'odham Despite the outsiders' designations of "Pima" and "Papago", the trend among the O'odham people is to consider themselves to be bands of the same cultural nation: "The division of O'odham lands has resulted in an artificial division of O'odham society. O'odham bands are now broken up into 4 federally recognized tribes: the Tohono O'odham Nation, the Gila River Indian Community, the Ak-Chin Indian Community and the Salt River Indian community." In contrast to the entire traditional territory, O'odham ha-jeweḍga refers to the political Tohono O'odham Indian Reservation. Tohono is the O'odham name for the Tohono O'odham portion of O'odham Jeweḍ. The Spanish name for this portion is Papaguería, which has also been used in English. The name "Tohono country", "the tohono jewed", "Papago country", "the Papago country", and "the Papago homeland" are also attested. For the Akimel O'odham portion of the traditional territory, the names "Pima country", "the Pima country", and "the Pima homeland" are attested. | - |
| Paariru | Pawnee country, the Pawnee country, the traditional Pawnee homeland | Paari Of the Pawnee band territories, the Skiri country is named Ckiiriru and the Chawi country is named Cawiiriru. | - |
| Panaôbskaiiak | the Penobscot country, the Penobscot homeland | Panawahpskek In the Eastern Abenaki spelling : Pana8bskaiiak. In Western Abenaki spelling: Panȣbskaik, Panaȣbskaiiak. In the Passamaquoddy-Maliseet language: Panuwapskek. | - |
| Páⁿka Mazhóⁿ | Ponca country, the Ponca country, the Ponca homeland | Paⁿka In the Skiri Pawnee language: Riihitawiru. | - |
| Peskotomuhkatihkuk, Peskotomuhkatik | Passamaquoddy territory, Passamaquoddy country | Passamaquoddy Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy. | - |
| Pequatit | Pequod, Pequot country, the Pequot country, the old Pequot homeland, the Pequt countrey | Pequttôog The traditional territory of the Wunnashowatuckoog band of Pequot is Wunnashowatuckqut or Showatuckqut. | - |
| Peskotomuhkatik, peskotomuhkatihkuk | Passamaquoddy country, Passamaquoddy territory the Traditional Ancestral Homeland Territory of the Passamaquoddy Tribe, traditional Passamaquoddy territory, Passamaquoddy Territory, the Passamaquoddy Territory, Passamaquoddy Ancestral Territory, Passamaquoddy Homeland Territory | Peskotomuhkati See also Waponahkik. | - |
| Pokanoket, Nutahkeemun | Wampanoag Country, Wampanoag country, the Wampanoag Homeland, the Wampanoag homeland, Wampanoag territory, the Wampanoag territory | Wôpanâak | - |
| ? The Sahnish traditional territory—autonym unknown. | Arikara country, the Arikara country, the Sahnish homeland | Sahnish In the Skiri Pawnee language: Astarahiru. | - |
| S'atsoyaha, S'atsole yudjiha | Yuchi country, the Yuchi country, Euchee country, the Yuchi homeland, the Uchee country, | Tsoyaha | - |
| Shawandasse Tula | Shawnee country, the Shawnee country, the Shawnee homeland | Shaawanwaki | - |
| Shiwinnaqin, Halona Idiwan’a | Zuniland, Zuni Country, Zuni's aboriginal territories, the A'shiwi country | A:shiwi | - |
| S’ólh Téméxw | Stó:lō traditional territory, Sto:lo country, the Sto:lo country, Stolo country | Sto:lo | - |
| Sq'ʷayáiɬaqtmš | Chehalis Indian Country, the Chehalis country | Q'ʷay'áy'iɬq' | - |
| ? The Téenek traditional territory—autonym unknown. | The Huasteca, Wasteka, the La Huasteca, the Huastec homeland | Téenek In the Nahuatl language: Cuextlan, Kuextlan. In Spanish: la Huasteca. | - |
| Thâkînâwe, Sâkînâwe | the Sac country, the Sauk country, the Sauk homeland | Othâkîwaki In the Skiri Pawnee language: Saakiiwaru. | - |
| ? The Tickanwa•tic traditional territory—autonym unknown. | Tonkawa country, the Tonkawa country | Tickanwa•tic In the Skiri Pawnee language: Tarikawiru. | - |
| Tin-ta-mayuhk, Sḵwx̱wú7mesh-ulh, Sḵwx̱wú7meshulh Temíx̱w, Sko-mish-oath | the Squamish Country, the Squamish country, Squamish territory | The Skwxwú7mesh Nation The Skwxwú7mesh interviewee who shared the name Tin-ta-mayuhk also says: "Musqueams have a name too, same word, but pronounced differently; people up Lillooet have different name;" "all mean the same, 'my country.'" | - |
| Tłı̨chǫ Ndè, Tlicho Nde | the Dogrib country | Tłı̨chǫ See also Denendeh. | - |
| Továngar | Tongva country, the Tongva homeland, Tongva-Gabrielino country, Gabrielino country, the Gabrielino country, the Gabrieleno homeland | Tongva | - |
| Tsalagihi Hawiniditlv Gesvi, Tsalaguwetiyi | Cherokee Country, Cherokee country, the Cherokee country, the Cherokee homeland | Aniyvwiya | - |
| Tsenacommacah, Tsenacomoco, Tenakomakah, Attanoughkomouck, Attan-Akamik | the Powhatan country, Powhatan country, the Powhatan homeland, Powhatan's territory | PoHaTan Confederacy Tsenacommacah is also glossed as "Virginia". The name was perceived by the early English settlers to be the native equivalent for what they called "Virginia". Tsenacommacah appears to be cognate with Ojibwe danakamigad "be an activity, be an event, happen". Arahatecoh is the traditional territory of the Arrohattoc nation within the Powhatan confederacy. | - |
| Tséstho'e, Zesthoe | Cheyenne country, the Cheyenne country, the Cheyenne homeland | Tsitsistas and So'taeo'o In the Skiri Pawnee language: Sahiiru. | - |
| Tupippuh Nummu | the Timbisha Homeland, Timbisha country, the Panamint country | Timbisha | - |
| ? The Tutunucu traditional territory—autonym unknown. | Totonac country, the Totonac country, the Totonac homeland, | Tutunucu In the Nahuatl language: Totonacapan. | - |
| Unangam Tanangin | Aleutian Islands | Aleuts "Aleut" possibly comes from the Chukchi aliat meaning "island." The Russian term "Aleut" was a general term used for both the Unangan / Unangas of the Aleutian Islands and their neighbours to the east in the Kodiak Archipelago, the Alutiiq or Sugpiat. | - |
| Waayaahtanonki | the Wea country, the Wea lands | Waayaahtanwa See also Myaamionki. | - |
| Wapna'ki, Waponahkik, Wôbanakik or W8banaki. These all mean "Land of Dawn, Land of the First Light". | the Dawnland, Wabanaki country, the Wabanaki country, Wabanaki Country, the land of the Wabanaki, Wabanakia | The Wabanaki Confederacy includes the Mi'kmaq, Maliseet, Passamaquoddy, Penobscot, and Abenaki. The name for the Dawnland in other Algonquian languages: Wàbanaki, Waabanaki, Waabnaki, Wabneki. | - |
| ?????? ??͘??͘, ?????? ?????? | Osage country, the Osage country, the great Osage homeland, the Osage homelands, the Osage ancestral territory | Wah-Zha-Zhi In the Skiri Pawnee language: Pasaasiru. | - |
| Wašišiw Ɂítdeʔ Wa She Shu E Deh | Wašiw lands, Washoe country, the Washoe country | Wašiw | - |
| Wazija Haci, Wazija, Wazidja, Waazija | the Wazija, the Wazidja, the Hočąk Wazija, the land of the Hočągara, Ho-Chunk country, Winnebago country, the Winnebago country, the Winnebago homeland | Ho-Chunk An early French name: pays des Puants. | - |
| Wintʰu· Po·m | Wintu country | Wintu There are traditionally nine band territories, such as wenem memen bos, and nomte pom or Nom ti pom. | - |
| Wolastokuk | Maliseet country, the Malecite country | Wolastoqiyik See also Waponahkik. | - |
| X̱aaydag̱a Gwaay.yaay, Xhaaidlagha Gwaayaai, Xaadala Gwayee, X̱aayda gwaay, Haida Gwaii, Xaadas tlagáa | Haida country, the Haida homeland | The X̱aadas Nation | - |
| Yagaocanahagary' | Piscataway Country | Piscataway | - |
| ? The Yokot'anob traditional territory—autonym unknown. | the Chontalpa, the Chontal homeland | Yokot'anob In the Nahuatl language: Chontalpa. In Spanish: la Chontalpa''. "Chontalpa" remains the name of a Mexican economic planning region coterminous with four political municipalities. | - |