52nd United States Congress
The 52nd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States [House of Representatives]. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1891, to March 4, 1893, during the final two years of Benjamin Harrison's presidency.
The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1880 [United States census].
The Republicans maintained a majority in the Senate, but the Democrats won back the majority in the House, ending the Republican overall federal government trifecta.
Major legislation
- May 5, 1892: Geary Act
- February 13, 1893: Harter Act, ch. 105,
Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.Leadership
Senate
- President of [the United States Senate|President]: Levi P. Morton
- President pro tempore of [the United States Senate|President pro tempore]: Charles F. Manderson
- Republican Conference Chairman: John Sherman
- Democratic Caucus Chairman: Arthur P. Gorman
House of Representatives
- Speaker: Charles F. Crisp
- Minority Leader: Thomas B. Reed
- Democratic Caucus Chairman: William S. Holman
- Republican Conference Chairman: Thomas J. Henderson
- Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Roswell P. Flower
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Senators are listed by Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1892; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1894; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1896.Georgia">List of United States senators from Georgia">Georgia
Maine">List of United States senators from Maine">Maine
Nebraska">List of United States senators from Nebraska">Nebraska
Oregon">List of United States senators from Oregon">Oregon
Virginia">List of United States senators from Virginia">Virginia
House of Representatives
Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.Georgia">List of United States representatives from Georgia">Georgia
Maine">List of United States representatives from Maine">Maine
Nebraska">List of United States representatives from Nebraska">Nebraska
Oregon">List of United States representatives from Oregon">Oregon
South Dakota">List of United States representatives from South Dakota">South Dakota
Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticketWyoming">List of United States representatives from Wyoming">Wyoming
Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.Senate
- Replacements: 7
- * Democratic: no net change
- * Republican: no net change
- * Liberal Republican: 1 seat net loss
- Deaths: 4
- Resignations: 5
- Interim appointments: 1
- '''Total seats with changes: 10'''
House of Representatives
- replacements: 15
- * Democratic: 1-seat net loss
- * Republican: 1-seat net gain
- Deaths: 10
- Resignations: 8
- Contested election: 1
- '''Total seats with changes: 18'''
Committees
Senate
- Additional Accommodations for the Library of Congress
- Agriculture and Forestry
- Appropriations
- Armed Strikebreakers
- Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate
- Canadian Relations
- Census
- Cherokee Nation's Complaints of Invasion in their Territory
- Civil Service and Retrenchment
- Claims
- Coast Defenses
- Commerce
- Corporations Organized in the District of Columbia
- Distributing Public Revenue Among the States
- District of Columbia
- Education and Labor
- Engrossed Bills
- Enrolled Bills
- Epidemic Diseases
- Establish a University in the United States
- Examine the Several Branches in the Civil Service
- Failed National Banks
- Finance
- Fisheries
- Five Civilized Tribes of Indians
- Foreign Relations
- Forest Reservations in California
- Geological Survey
- Immigration
- Indian Affairs
- Interstate Commerce
- Irrigation and Reclamation of Arid Lands
- Judiciary
- Library
- Manufactures
- Military Affairs
- Mines and Mining
- Mississippi River and its Tributaries
- Naval Affairs
- Nicaraguan Claims
- Organization, Conduct and Expenditures of the Executive Departments
- Patents
- Pensions
- Post Office and Post Roads
- Potomac River Front
- Printing
- Private Land Claims
- Privileges and Elections
- Public Buildings and Grounds
- Public Lands
- Quadrocentennial
- Railroads
- Revision of the Laws
- Revolutionary Claims
- Rules
- Tariff Regulation
- Territories
- Transportation and Sale of Meat Products
- Transportation Routes to the Seaboard
- Whole
- Woman Suffrage
House of Representatives
- Accounts
- Agriculture
- Alcoholic Liquor Traffic
- Appropriations
- Banking and Currency
- Claims
- Coinage, Weights and Measures
- Disposition of Executive Papers
- District of Columbia
- Education
- Elections
- Enrolled Bills
- Expenditures in the Agriculture Department
- Expenditures in the Interior Department
- Expenditures in the Justice Department
- Expenditures in the Navy Department
- Expenditures in the Post Office Department
- Expenditures in the State Department
- Expenditures in the Treasury Department
- Expenditures in the War Department
- Expenditures on Public Buildings
- Foreign Affairs
- Indian Affairs
- Interstate and Foreign Commerce
- Invalid Pensions
- Judiciary
- Labor
- Levees and Improvements of the Mississippi River
- Manufactures
- Merchant Marine and Fisheries
- Mileage
- Military Affairs
- Militia
- Mines and Mining
- Naval Affairs
- Pacific Railroads
- Patents
- Pensions
- Printing
- Private Land Claims
- Post Office and Post Roads
- Public Buildings and Grounds
- Public Lands
- Railways and Canals
- Revision of Laws
- Rivers and Harbors
- Rules
- Standards of Official Conduct
- Territories
- War Claims
- Ways and Means
- Whole
Joint committees
Caucuses
Employees
Legislative branch agency">List of federal agencies in the United States#United States Congress">Legislative branch agency directors
- Architect of the Capitol: Edward Clark
- Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford
- Public Printer of the United States: Francis W. Palmer
Senate
- Chaplain: John G. Butler
- Secretary: Anson G. McCook
- Librarian: Alonzo M. Church
- Sergeant at Arms: Edward K. Valentine
House of Representatives
- Clerk: Edward McPherson, until December 8, 1891
- * James Kerr, from December 8, 1891
- Clerk at the Speaker's Table: Charles R. Crisp
- Chaplain: William H. Milburn
- Doorkeeper: Charles H. Turner, elected December 8, 1891
- Reading Clerks: John A. Reeve and James C. Broadwell
- Postmaster: James W. Hathaway
- Sergeant at Arms: Adoniram J. Holmes, until December 8, 1891
- * Samuel S. Yoder, from December 8, 1891