National Immigration Administration
The National Immigration Administration, alternatively known as the Exit and Entry Administration of the People's Republic of China, is a Civil service of the [People's Republic of China#Levels and ranking system|sub-ministry-level] executive agency administrated by the Ministry of [Public Security (China)|Ministry of Public Security]. The administration is responsible for coordinating and formulating immigration policies and their implementation, border control, administering foreigners' stay, management on refugees and nationality, taking the lead in coordinating the administering of foreigners who illegally enter, stay or are employed in China, and the repatriation of illegal immigrants. The NIA is also responsible for manning border checkpoints.
In 2025, the NIA had an annual budget of 62,567,100,300 Renminbi.
History
In July 1998, nine cities including Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Xiamen, Haikou, and Shantou established the entry-exit border checkpoints, which were vertically led by the '. In 2011, according to the Central Office document on the "approval on the adjustment of Beijing in seven vocational institutions specifications preparing Frontier Guard Inspection Station", Shenzhen FGIS and seven other professional Frontier Inspection Station Specifications adjusted from the deputy department level to the main department level with the institutional affiliation and staffing remaining unchanged.Prior to the 2018 People's Armed Police reform, the, more commonly known as the Ministry of Public Security Border Defense Corps due to it being a Ministry of Public Security Active Service Force, was formerly China's primary border patrol force overseen by the.
After the 2018 people's armed police reforms, the ' and merged to form the national immigration administration in April 2, 2018, with the latter's personnel becoming part of the People's Police.
On April 1, 2021, with the approval of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, the National Immigration Management Agency will use its own flag and logo from April 2, 2021, onward.
Organizational structure
The National Immigration Administration has an institution that Deputy Bureau level, and each border inspection station and standing force are at Office level. The National Immigration Service has the following subordinate bodies:Internal organs
- Department of General Affairs
- Department of Foreigner Management
- Department of Citizen Exit-Entry Management
- Department of Border Security Check
- Department of Information Technology
- Department of Cadres and Personnel
- Logistics Support Division
- Unit Party Committee
Affiliated units
- Immigration Management Information Technology Research Institute
- Immigration Services Center
- Policing Security Center
Directly subordinate units
Immigration Inspection General Stations
The Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Guangxi, Yunnan, Tibet, Gansu and Xinjiang General Station of exit and entry frontier inspection also have the name of the Provincial Public Security Department's Border Management Unit under One institution with two names.- Beijing General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier inspection
- Tianjin General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier inspection
- Guangzhou General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Shenzhen General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier inspection
- Zhuhai General Station of Immigration Inspection
- Haikou General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Chongqing General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Hebei General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Shanxi General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Jilin General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Liaoning General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection|
- Heilongjiang General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Shaanxi General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Gansu General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Qinghai General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Shandong General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Zhejiang General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Henan General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Hubei General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Hunan General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Jiangxi General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Jiangsu General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Anhui General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Sichuan General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Guizhou General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Yunnan General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Inner Mongolia General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Xinjiang General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Ningxia General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Guangxi General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
- Tibet General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
Police tactical units
The Hulunbuir Border Management Detachment of the Inner Mongolia General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection operates the Barga Commando Unit, a police tactical unit used for border patrol, CQB anti-terrorism, anti-hijacking, apprehending dangerous suspects, search and rescue, bomb disposal and security at large events. It operates K9s, infantry mobility vehicles along with submachine guns and sniper rifles.Equipment
As of July 2024, the NIA operated 11782 vehicles. Police dogs are also used for drug interception and border patrol.In 2023, 15 police dogs became the first batch of police dogs with the award of "Meritorious Police Dogs". Horses and drones are also used for border patrol operation.
Reforms
From 1 April 2019 onwards, all mainland citizens can apply and receive passports and exit and entry permits from the NIA offices anywhere in the country, instead of requiring citizens to go to their Hukou city/province to apply. Also, exit and entry permits to Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan can be applied to, received, and delivered within a few minutes on automatic machines.Line of duty casualties
Due to the NIA being responsible for border patrol, there are occasionally gunfights between NIA officers and drug traffickers on the China–Myanmar border, most famously in December 4, 2021 when ethnic Hani officer Cai Xiaodong of the Xishuangbanna border management detachment was shot and killed by a drug trafficker on the China Myanmar border. He was posthumously awarded martyr status.In 2021, 7 NIA officers were killed in the line of duty, with a further 49 being injured
In 2022, 6 NIA officers were killed in the line of duty, with a further 40 being injured
In 2023, 12 NIA officers were killed in the line of duty, with a further 77 being injured.
In 2024, 15 NIA officers were killed in the line of duty, with a further 66 being injured.