Chinese compound surname
A Chinese compound surname is a Chinese surname using more than one character. Many of these compound surnames derive from Zhou dynasty Chinese noble and official titles, professions, place names and other areas, to serve a purpose. Some are originally from various tribes that lived in ancient China, while others were created by joining two one-character family names. Only a few of these names can still be found quite commonly in modern times with Ouyang, Shangguan, Sima and Situ appearing most frequently. Many clans eventually took on a single-character surname for various reasons. Lists below are arranged alphabetically by their Mandarin pinyin spellings.
Native Han compound surnames
Double-barrelled surnames
occurs sometimes when both families of a marriage wish to pass down their surnames, or when a child wishes to commemorate both the biological and foster parents. This is often distinguished from compound surnames, which cannot be split into two single-character surnames. A doubled-barrelled surname is also distinguished from a married name, as married names are not passed down to the next generations.| Chinese Characters | Mandarin | Cantonese | Hokkien | Vietnamese | Korean | Japanese | Notable People |
| 范姜 | Fànjiāng | Hoān-khiong | Phạm Khương | Fan Chiang Tai-chi | |||
| 陸費 | Lùfèi | Luk6 Fai3 | Lục Phí | Yugbi; Ryugbi | Rikuhi | Lufei Kui | |
| 葉劉 | Yèliú | Ia̍p-lâu | Diệp Lưu | Regina Ip | |||
| 張簡 | Zhāngjiǎn | Tiuⁿ-kán | Trương Giản | Louis Ozawa Changchien | |||
| 張廖 | Zhāngliào | Tiuⁿ-liāu | Trương Liêu | Chang Liao Wan-chein |
Non-Han surnames
Peoples other than Han have resided in China and have their names transliterated into Chinese. A large number of these non-Han surnames contain more than one Chinese character.| Chinese Characters | Meaning/Origin | Origin | Mandarin | Cantonese | Hokkien | Vietnamese | Korean | Japanese | Notable People |
| 阿史那 | Wolf | Possibly Turkic | Āshǐnà | Aa3 Si2 Naa5 | A Sử Na | Asana | Ashina | Empress Ashina | |
| 愛新覺羅 | Gold | Manchu | Àixīnjuéluó | Oi3 San1 Gok3 Lo4 | Ài-sin-kak-lô | Ái Tân Giác La | Aesin-gangna; Aesin-gangra | Aishinkakura | Qing rulers |
| 孛兒只斤 | Dark blue eyes | Mongol | Bó'érzhījīn | But6 Ji4 Zi2 Gan1 | Bột Nhi Chỉ Cân | Barajigeun | Botsujishikin | Genghis Khan | |
| 獨孤 | Xianbei | Dúgū | Duk6 Gu1 | Độc Cô | Dokgo | Dokko/Dokuko | Dugu Qieluo | ||
| 爾朱 | Xiongnu | Erzhu | Ji5 Zyu1 | Nhĩ Chu | Iju | Jishu | Erzhu Rong, Erzhu Zhao | ||
| 賀蘭 | Helan Mountains | Xianbei | Hèlán | Ho6 Laan4 | Hạ Lan | Haran | Garan | Princess Dowager Helan | |
| 赫連 | Xiongnu | Hèlián | Haak1 Lin4 | Hách Liên | Hyeongnyeon; Hyeongryeon | Kakuren | Helian Bobo | ||
| 賀若 | Xianbei | Hèruò | Ho6 Joek6 | Hạ Nhược | Hayak | Kajaku | Heruo Bi | ||
| 赫舍里 | Water spring | Manchu | Hèsheli | Haak1 Se2 Lei5 | Hách Xá Lý | Hyeoksari | Kakushari | Hešeri Sonin, Empress Xiaochengren, Songgotu | |
| 万俟 | Xianbei | Mòqí | Mak6 Kei4 | Mặc Kỳ | Mukgi | Bokuji | Moqi Chounu | ||
| 慕容 | Xianbei | Mùróng | Mou6 Jung4 | Bō·-iông | Mộ Dung | Moyong | Boyū | Murong Huang | |
| 納蘭 | Variant of 叶赫那拉 | Manchu | Nàlán | Naap6 Laan4 | Nạp Lan | Namnan; Namran | Nōran | Nalan Xingde | |
| 星團 | Band/group/cluster of stars | Xīngtuán | Sing1 Tyun4 | Shindan | Seidan | ||||
| 呼延 | Xiongnu | Hūyán | Fu1 Jin4 | Hô Diên | Hoyeon | Koen | Empress Huyan, Huyan Zan | ||
| 沙吒 | Göktürk | Shāzhā | Saa1 Zaa1 | Sa Tra | Sata | Sata | Shazha Zhongyi | ||
| 拓跋 | Xianbei | Tuòbá | Tok3 Bat6 | Thác Bạt | Takbal | Takubatsu | Emperors of Northern Wei, formerly surname of Tangut rulers, Western Xia | ||
| 完顏 | Jurchen | Wányán | Jyun4 Ngaan4 | Hoàn Nhan | Wanan | Kangan | Wanyan Aguda | ||
| 耶律 | Khitan | Yēlǜ | Ye4 Leut6 | Da Luật | Yayul | Yaritsu/Jaritsu | Emperors of Liao dynasty, Yelü Chucai | ||
| 尉遲 | Xianbei | Yùchí | Wat1 Ci4 | Uất Trì | Ulji | Utchi/Utsuchi | Yuchi Jingde, Yuchi Jiong | ||
| 宇文 | Xianbei | Yǔwén | Jyu5 Man4 | Vũ Văn | Umun | Ubun | Yuwen Tai, emperors of Northern Zhou | ||
| 長孫 | Eldest grandson | Xianbei | Zhǎngsūn | Zoeng2 Syun1 | Trưởng Tôn | Jangson | Chōson | Zhangsun Wuji, Empress Zhangsun | |
| 山口 | Gateway/opening of the mountain | Japanese | Shānkǒu | San1 Hau2 | Soaⁿ-kháu | Sơn Khẩu | Sangu | Yamaguchi | Yoshiko Yamaguchi |
| 川島 | River on the island | Japanese | Chuāndǎo | Cyun1 Dou2 | Chhoan-tó | Đảo Xuyên | Cheondo | Kawashima | Yoshiko Kawashima |
| 伊達 | Elegance | Japanese | Yīdá | Ji1 Daat6 | I-ta̍t | Y Đạt | Idal | Date | Date Junnosuke |