Chekhov, Moscow Oblast
Chekhov is a town and the administrative center of Chekhovsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia. Population: 56,000.
It was previously known as Lopasnya.
Geography
The city of Chekhov is located south of the capital, 50 kilometers from the Moscow Ring Road along the highway. The city is connected to Moscow by the Kursk direction of the Moscow Railway, the Simferopol highway, and the Crimea highway nearby. Chekhov railway station is located on the 75th kilometer of the railway. Most of the city is located on the left bank of the Lopasni River and west of the railway line. The city stretches from north to south for 5 km. The area of the city is 23 km2.The climate is temperate continental with moderately cold winters and warm, humid summers. The frequent passage of cyclones from the Atlantic and sometimes from the Mediterranean causes an increase in clouds. The average January temperature is about -9 °C, the average July temperature is about +18 °C. The average frost—free period is about 200 days. The soils are predominantly alluvial, grey and woody.
History
In ancient times, the Oka and its tributaries Nara, Protva, Lopasnya and other rivers that have survived to the present day appeared on the Priok plain as a result of the melting of a powerful glacier that descended from the north. These lands were inhabited by the first people of the Neolithic era, who left stone tools, axes, knives, spears. From the 8th century BC to the 6th century AD, settlements of patriarchal tribal communities developed here, which already knew fire and even created primitive clay products. In the second half of the 10th century, Vyatichi began to settle along the banks of the Oka River. The remains of these ancient Slavic villages were found in different places of the Lopasny region at the confluence of the Terebenki River with Lopasnya, near the village of Solnyshkov, in Spas-Temna, Stary Spas, Talezh.In 1175, after bloody battles for the right of ownership of the Vladimir-Suzdal lands, the victory went to the brothers Mikhail and Vsevolod Bolshoe Gnezdo. During military campaigns and battles, their wives took refuge under the protection of Grand Duke Svyatoslav of Chernigov. "... And then Svyatoslav, the ambassador of their wives, Mikhalkova and Vsevolozha, having assigned his son Oleg to them, I will escort them to Moscow. Oleg returned to his parish of Lopasna...". So for the first time the name of the city appears in the chronicle.
And in the future, the story of Lopasni is a story of endless wars, destruction, and captivity. In 1246, after the death of Prince Mikhail of Chernigov in the Horde, his Chernigov principality split into appanages, and Lopasnya became part of the newly formed Tarussian Principality.
At the beginning of the 14th century, Lopasna was sold by the Tarussian princes to Metropolitan Peter. The "collector of Russian lands" Ivan Kalita appreciated the city of Lopasnya and wrote it off in his spiritual testament to his son Andrey. Then Lopasna was exchanged by Moscow from the Serpukhov princes in order to give it to Ryazan in exchange for the "Ryazan places" along the Protva River. In 1371, Moscow captured Lopasna, and in the 1380s it was forced to return it to Ryazan.
In 1572, the Battle of Molodinsk took place north of modern Chekhov near the village of Molodi, which ended in a major victory over the numerically superior forces of the Crimean Khan Devlet Giray. The Battle of Molodinsk ended Russia's three-year struggle against the Turkish-Crimean invasion.
Lopasnya and Pushkin
A special place in the history of Lopasnya is occupied by everything connected with the name of Pushkin, after whose death his wife Natalia Nikolaevna often visited the Vasilchikov estate "Lopasnya-Zachatievskoye" with her children. Her family lived in this estate at the beginning of the 20th century; some of the poet's descendants were buried there. In 1917, a manuscript of the History of Peter was discovered in the manor house.Natalia Nikolaevna's second husband, Peter Lansky, was a close relative of Vasilchikov. Three of Lansky's sisters lived in Lopasna: Maria, Elizabeth and Natalia. Sofia Alexandrovna Pushkina grew up with the Vasilchikov children. After her death in 1875, the nine Pushkin children were also raised in the Vasilchikov household. Alexander Alexandrovich, the eldest son of Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin, a participant in the Russian-Turkish War of 1877-1878, also lived in Lopasna for a long time. Alexander Pushkin's eldest daughter Maria Alexandrovna was also very fond of visiting Lopasna.
Next to the Church of the Conception of St. Anna is the Pushkin family necropolis. Alexander Sergeevich's descendants rest in it: his eldest son A. A. Pushkin, the grandchildren of G. A. and S. A. Pushkin, the great-granddaughter of the poet through the female line of S. P. Vorontsov-Velyaminov.
Modern name
In 1954, the village of Lopasnya was transformed into a city of regional subordination of the Czechs. It was named after Anton Chekhov, a Russian writer of the 19th and 20th centuries..In 1965, the working village of Venyukovo was incorporated into Chekhov. In 1994-2004, Chekhov was also the center of the Chepelevsky rural district.
Chekhov urban settlement
During the implementation of the Federal Law "On the General Principles of the Organization of Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation", municipalities were established in the Moscow Region. In 2005, the law of the Moscow Region "On the Status and Borders of the Chekhov Municipal District and the newly Formed Municipalities within it" was adopted. In particular, the municipal formation "urban settlement of Chekhov" was formed, which included 1 settlement — the city of Chekhov.Geographical data
The area of the urban settlement is 2984 hectares.The municipality is located in the central part of the Chekhov municipal district, and borders:
with the rural settlement of Stremilovskoye,
with the rural settlement of Barantsevskoye.
Government agencies
The structure of local self-government bodies in a municipality consists of:- Council of Deputies of the city of Chekhov
- The head of the city of Chekhov
The mayor of Chekhov is elected by the citizens of the urban settlement in direct elections for a period of 5 years. The mayor heads the Council of Deputies of the city of Chekhov.
The head of Chekhov is Grigory Igorevich Artamonov.
Economy
Chekhov district pays great attention to attracting investors to various sectors of the economy. One of the largest projects is the completion of the construction of the third stage of the FM logistics complex, which employs about 900 people; JSC Electroshield, expansion of the production activities of Danone Industria LLC, etc. In total, more than 1,500 new jobs have been opened.In 2007, two new industrial enterprises were put into operation. These are the factory for the production of thermal insulation boards made of extruded polystyrene foam by CJSC Dau Chemical and the factory for the production of chocolate mass by the Swiss company Barry Callebout.
Several more investment projects are under implementation. New industrial facilities make a significant contribution to the district's budget, and new jobs are being created.
Preference in working with investors is given to environmentally friendly, high-tech industries.
The largest industrial enterprises in the city include:
Chekhov-Avto Group of Companies
Metallotorg CJSC
OOO "CSI-I" Vostok
Danone-Industria LLC
Polyalt LLC
Shattdekor LLC
Tut Tile LLC
PNK-Group LLC
TSB Plus LLC
Logopark YUG LLC
PJSC Institute of Engineering Immunology
PJSC "Korma"
PJSC KVZ
PJSC "Lyubuchansky Plastics Plant"
PJSC "Magic Photo and Creative"
External Images
Candy bars produced in Soviet times
Chekhov Confectionery Factory PJSC
Chekhov Gidrostal Plant PJSC
Chekhov Printing Plant PJSC
PJSC "CRZ"
CJSC Energomash — CHZEM
In Chekhov, there are the largest retail chains of well-known companies such as LENTA, OKEY DA!, Auchan, Dixie, Perekrestok, Karusel, Pyaterochka, Tornado, Magnit, M.Video, Korablik, Sportmaster, Computer store Pilot, OZON online store, All tools.
There are also branches of the largest banks in Russia.: VTB, Sberbank, Credit Bank of Moscow, Alfa Bank.
Transport
- Chekhov railway station on the Moscow—Tula line, as well as on the Dedovsk— Chekhov, Tsaritsyno — Serpukhov, and Volokolamsk—Chekhov lines. The nearest station to which you can quickly transfer is the Tsaritsyno Zamoskvoretskaya line. The rolling stock is EP2D from the depots of Pererva and Nakhabino, as well as modified EP2D "REX".
- Intercity bus routes 1365, 61, 428k also depart from the bus station. Bus 1365 also stops near the metro station Annino Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line, and the metro station Lesoparkovaya Butovskaya line allows you to get to the Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya metro line.
- 34 suburban bus routes from the bus station. Recently, the city has started purchasing new buses that connect to busy routes. Chinese buses and LiAZ Voyage arrive on route 1365. There are also many NefAZ, LiAZ, and PAZ buses in the city.
Strategic importance
Near the city there is a highly protected complex of facilities of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, designed to accommodate the command headquarters in the event of a large-scale war.Education
- Chekhov Branch of Moscow University of Finance and Law
Construction
In 2011, the Carnival shopping and entertainment center on Moskovskaya Street was put into operation. On four floors of the complex there are: a grocery supermarket, a supermarket of electronics and household appliances, a clothing department store, a multiplex cinema and a children's entertainment complex, a food court.Social environment
Due to the active construction and subsequent population growth, the situation of providing social services to the population has become more complicated — there are not enough places in kindergartens, hospitals and polyclinics are overcrowded with visitors. There is a pronounced disparity between the size of the population and the number of jobs in the city, which is why morning and evening traffic jams at the exits from the city and waves of passenger traffic on the railway are very noticeable. In the last few years, there has been a large number of drug addicts and alcoholics in the city.Healthcare
Since 2000, the district's healthcare structure has included municipal healthcare institutions.:Health Department of the Chekhov Municipal District Administration; Chekhov Regional Hospital No. 1 ; Chekhov Regional Hospital No. 2 ; Central District Polyclinic ; Lubuchanskaya District Hospital ; MUZ "Ambulance station".
Sports
In Chekhov district, much attention is paid to the development of physical culture and sports. The real forge of sports personnel are children's sports schools, the development and support of which is given great attention. Young hockey players play in 5 teams, and football players play in four teams. Young handball players compete in five teams and take prizes in all age groups. In 2007, a team of boys born in 1995 won an international tournament in Belarus. The team of young water polo players became winners of international tournaments in Montenegro, Italy, and Spain.In 2004, the Ice Hockey Center 2004 was built, and the Vityaz hockey club, which previously belonged to Podolsk, moved to Chekhov and was based in the city until the start of the 2013/14 season. From the beginning of the 2013/14 season to the beginning of the 2022/23 season, he performed in Podolsk again. From the beginning of the 2022/23 season until the termination of the existence of the Vityaz hockey club, he played in Balashikha.
In December 2001, a new handball club, Chekhov Bears, was established on the basis of the CSKA SportAkadem club, which won the Russian Championship 21 times in a row under the leadership of Vladimir Maksimov.
In the summer of 2003, the Olympic Sports Palace was opened in Chekhov. The large sports arena and the swimming pool host international and national competitions, as well as exhibitions and concert programs. The arena hosted the EGF Champions League matches, the games of the Russian handball and mini-football championships, the international professional boxing tournament for the IBF Intercontinental World Champion title, the international handball tournament for the Governor's Cup of the Moscow Region, etc. The Sports Palace hosted the matches of the European Under-20 Basketball Championship in 2005. In 2007, the Russian Rhythmic Gymnastics Championship was held here. In the 2000s, the Sturm-2002 team, which became the champion of Russia in water polo, performed in the pool of the Olympic Sports Palace.
The Chaika club for people with disabilities operates, where about 50 people with musculoskeletal disorders and about 50 people with hearing disabilities are engaged. The athletes of this club became winners and prize-winners of regional competitions. Alexey Shcherbakov became the Russian archery champion and, competing at the World Championships in Seoul, took 7th place, which gave him the right to compete at the Paralympic Games in Beijing. Sergey Denisov is the world chess champion among walkers with musculoskeletal system damage in 2010.
The following sports teams are based in the city or were previously based in it:
Chekhov Bears is a handball team that is a 21-time champion of Russia, winner of the Cup of Cups in 2006.
Sturm-2002 — water polo team, four-time champion of Russia
The Chekhov Hawks team are the champions of the Moscow region in basketball among young men born in 1991.
Fortuna is a mini-football team.
Culture
- Chekhov City Theater "Theater on Moskovskaya"
- A. P. Chekhov's Museum of Letters
- Chekhov Memorial Museum 1941-1945
- Museum of Peasant Life
- Central Children's Library
- Inter-settlement Central Library
Attractions
- The former Vasilchikov estate "Zachatyevskoye"
- The post office, built with the assistance of Anton Pavlovich Chekhov
- Anno-Zachatievskaya Church
- A. P. Chekhov Square
- The Holy Spring
- The Alley of Glory of the Defenders of the Fatherland
- Goncharov Manor City Park
- Monument to the T-34