93rd United States Congress

The 93rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States [House of Representatives]. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1973, to January 3, 1975, during the last 18 months of Richard Nixon's presidency, and the first 6 months of Gerald Ford's. This Congress was the first Congress with more than two President of the United States|Senate presidents]. After the resignation of Spiro Agnew, Gerald Ford was appointed under the authority of the newly ratified Twenty-fifth Amendment to [the United States Constitution]. Ford became president the next year and Nelson Rockefeller was appointed in his place. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1970 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.

Major events

January 20, 1973: President Richard Nixon began his second term.
January 22, 1973: Supreme Court issued abortion decision, Roe v. Wade
January 27, 1973: Paris Peace Accords signed
October 10, 1973: Vice President Spiro Agnew resigned
October 20, 1973: Saturday Night Massacre
October 30, 1973: Impeachment proceedings against President Nixon initiated
December 6, 1973: Vice President Gerald Ford confirmed and inaugurated
August 9, 1974: President Richard Nixon resigned, Vice President Gerald Ford became president
November 5, 1974: United States midterm elections: Democrats increased their majorities in both houses
December 19, 1974: Vice President Nelson Rockefeller confirmed and inaugurated
*First television broadcast from the Senate chamber, as Nelson Rockefeller was sworn into office

Major legislation

July 1, 1973: Case–Church Amendment,, title I,
August 13, 1973: Federal Aid Highway Act of 1973,, title I,
September 26, 1973: Rehabilitation Act of 1973,,
October 1, 1973: Domestic Volunteer Services Act of 1973,,
October 4, 1973: Oil Pollution Act of 1973,,
November 3, 1973: Amtrak Improvement Act,,
November 7, 1973: War Powers Resolution,,
December 28, 1973: Comprehensive Employment and Training Act,
December 28, 1973: Endangered Species Act,,
December 29, 1973: Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973,
March 7, 1974: Water Resources Development Act of 1974,,
May 22, 1974: Disaster Relief Act of 1974,,
July 12, 1974: Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974,,
July 25, 1974: Legal Services Corporation Act,,
August 21, 1974: Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act,, title V, §513,
September 2, 1974: Employee Retirement Income Security Act,,
September 7, 1974: Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974,,
October 15, 1974: Federal Election Campaign Act,,
October 28, 1974: Equal Credit Opportunity Act,,
October 29, 1974: Federal Fire Prevention and Control Act of 1974,,
November 26, 1974: National Mass Transportation Assistance Act,,
December 3, 1974: Vietnam Era Veterans' Readjustment Assistance Act,,
December 16, 1974: Safe Drinking Water Act,,
December 31, 1974: Privacy Act of 1974,,
January 2, 1975: An Act to Establish Rules of Evidence for Certain Courts and Proceedings,,
January 3, 1975: Trade Act of 1974,,
January 3, 1975: Hazardous Materials Transportation Act,, title I,
January 4, 1975: Magnuson–Moss Warranty Act,,
January 4, 1975: Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975,,
January 4, 1975: National Health Planning and Resources Development Act,,

Hearings

May 17, 1973: Watergate hearings began
May 9, 1974: Hearings on the impeachment of President Nixon began

Leadership

Senate

President: Spiro Agnew until October 10, 1973
* Gerald Ford December 6, 1973 – August 9, 1974
**Nelson Rockefeller from December 19, 1974
President pro tempore: James Eastland
Permanent acting president pro tempore: Lee Metcalf

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

House of Representatives

Speaker: Carl Albert

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

Minority Leader: Gerald Ford until December 6, 1973
*John Jacob Rhodes from December 7, 1973
Minority Whip: Leslie C. Arends
Republican Conference Chairman: John B. Anderson
Republican Conference Vice-chairman: Samuel L. Devine
Republican Conference Secretary: Jack Edwards
Policy Committee Chairman: Barber Conable
Republican Campaign Committee Chairman: Robert H. Michel

Caucuses

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 means their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1976; Class 2 means their term began with this Congress, facing re-election in 1978; and Class 3 means their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1974.

Delaware">List of United States senators from Delaware">Delaware

Kansas">List of United States senators from Kansas">Kansas

Mississippi">List of United States senators from Mississippi">Mississippi

New York">List of United States senators from New York">New York

South Carolina">List of United States senators from South Carolina">South Carolina

West Virginia">List of United States senators from West Virginia">West Virginia

House of Representatives

The names of representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Delaware

Kansas

Mississippi

New York

South Carolina

West Virginia

Changes in membership

House of Representatives

There were three deaths before this Congress began.

Committees

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Employees

Legislative branch agency">List of federal agencies in the United States#United States Congress">Legislative branch agency directors

Architect of the Capitol: George Malcolm White
Attending Physician of the United States Congress: Rufus Pearson, until 1974
* Freeman H. Cary, starting 1974
Comptroller General of the United States: Elmer B. Staats
Librarian of Congress: Lawrence Quincy Mumford, until 1974
Public Printer of the United States: Thomas F. McCormick, starting 1973

Senate

Secretary: Francis R. Valeo
Librarian: Roger K. Haley
Parliamentarian: Floyd Riddick, until 1974
* Murray Zweben, starting 1974
Sergeant at Arms: William H. Wannall
Chaplain: Edward L.R. Elson
Curator: James R. Ketchum
Democratic Party Secretary: J. Stanley Kimmitt
Republican Party Secretary: J. Mark Trice, until 1974
* William Hildenbrand, starting 1974

House of Representatives

Chaplain: Edward G. Latch
Clerk: W. Pat Jennings
Doorkeeper: William M. Miller, until December 31, 1974
* James T. Molloy, interim
Parliamentarian: Lewis Deschler, until June 27, 1974
* William Holmes Brown, appointed June 27, 1974
Postmaster: Robert V. Rota
Reading Clerk:
* Joe Bartlett
* Charles W. Hackney Jr.
Sergeant at Arms: Kenneth R. Harding