45th Canadian Parliament


The 45th Canadian Parliament is the current legislative session of the Parliament of Canada, which began on May 26, 2025, with the membership of the House of Commons having been determined by the results of the 2025 federal election held on April 28.

Overview

Canada's constitution mandates reviews of electoral divisions following each decennial census to reflect changes and movements in population. This parliament is the first one seated in accordance with the 2023 representation orders determined based on the 2021 census, which expanded the House of Commons by five seats.
The session was opened personally by Charles III, King of Canada, on May 27, 2025, during his first royal visit to Canada as monarch. This was the first time in over half a century that the reigning monarch had opened parliament, since Elizabeth II did so for the 23rd Canadian Parliament in 1957, as well as the first time the sovereign had personally read the Speech from the Throne since Elizabeth II did so at the opening of the third session of the 30th Canadian Parliament in 1977. Its legislative session commenced on May 26, 2025, with the unprecedented event of a prime minister taking a seat in parliament for the first time.

Sessions

The 45th Parliament is currently in its first session:
SessionStartEnd
1stMay 26, 2025In process

House Committees

CommitteeChairVice Chairs
Veterans AffairsMarie-France Lalonde Blake Richards
Marie-Hélène Gaudreau
Agriculture and Agri-FoodMichael Coteau John Barlow
Yves Perron
Canadian HeritageLisa Hepfner Rachael Thomas
Martin Champoux
International TradeHon. Judy A. Sgro Adam Chambers
Simon-Pierre Savard-Tremblay
Citizenship and ImmigrationJulie Dzerowicz Hon. Michelle Rempel Garner
Alexis Brunelle-Duceppe
Environment and Sustainable DevelopmentAngelo Iacono Ellis Ross
Patrick Bonin
Access to Information, Privacy, and EthicsJohn Brassard Linda Lapointe
Luc Thériault
Status of WomenMarilyn Gladu Emmanuella Lambropoulos
Andréanne Larouche
Foreign Affairs and International DevelopmentHon. Ahmed Hussen Hon. Michael Chong
Alexis Brunelle-Duceppe
FinanceHon. Karina Gould Jasraj Singh Hallan
Jean-Denis Garon
Fisheries and OceansPatrick Weiler Mel Arnold
Alexis Deschênes
HealthHon. Hedy Fry Dan Mazier
Luc Theriault
Human Resources, Skills and Social Development and the Status of Persons with DisabilitiesBobby Morrissey Rosemarie Falk
Marilène Gill
Indigenous and Northern AffairsTerry Sheehan Jamie Schmale
Sebastian Lemire
Industry and TechnologyBen Carr Raquel Dancho
Gabriel Ste-Marie
Justice and Human RightsHon. Marc Miller Larry Brock
Rhéal Fortin
Official LanguagesYvan Baker Joël Godin
Mario Beaulieu
National DefenceCharles Sousa James Bezan
Simon-Pierre Savard-Tremblay
Government Operations and EstimatesKelly McCauley Iqwinder Gaheer
Marie-Hélène Gaudreau
Public AccountsJohn Williamson Jean Yip
Sébastien Lemire
Procedure and House AffairsChris Bittle Michael Cooper
Christine Normandin
Natural ResourcesHon. Terry Duguid Shannon Stubbs
Mario Simard
Public Safety and National SecurityHon. Jean-Yves Duclos Frank Caputo
Claude DeBellefeuille
Science and ResearchSalma Zahid Tony Baldinelli
Maxime Blanchette-Joncas
Transport, Infrastructure, and CommunitiesPeter Schiefke Dan Albas
Xavier Barsalou-Duval

Senate Committees

CommitteeChair Deputy Chair
Foreign Affairs and International RelationsPeter M. Boehm Peter Harder
Agriculture and ForestryRobert Black John M. McNair
Audit and OversightMarty Klyne David M. Wells
Colin Deacon
Tony Loffreda
Indigenous PeoplesMichèle Audette Margo Greenwood
Banking, Commerce, and the EconomyClément Gignac Toni Varone
Internal Economy, Budgets, and AdministrationLucie Moncion Claude Carignan
Danièle Henkel
Jim Quinn
Ethics and Conflict of Interest for SenatorsJudith Seidman Peter Harder
Energy, the Environment, and Natural ResourcesPat Duncan Josée Verner
Legal and Constitutional AffairsDavid Arnot Denise Batters
National FinanceClaude Carignan Éric Forest
Official LanguagesAllister Surette Rose-May Poirier
Fisheries and OceansFabian Manning Bev Busson
Human RightsPaulette Senior Wanda Thomas Bernard
Rules, Procedures, and Rights of ParliamentPierre Dalphond Denise Batters
Stan Kutcher
Percy Downe
Pierrette Ringuette
National Security, Defence and Veterans AffairsHassan Yussuff Mohammad Al Zaibak
SelectionMichael L. MacDonald Chantal Petitclerc
Social Affairs, Science and TechnologyRosemary Moodie Gigi Osler
Transport and CommunicationsLarry Smith Donna Dasko

Timeline

2025

April 28 – In the 45th Canadian federal election, the incumbent Liberal Party wins the most seats in the House of Commons, but fails to reach a majority government.May 13 – The new Ministry is sworn in, overseen by Governor General Mary Simon.May 26Lac-Saint-Louis MP Francis Scarpaleggia is elected Speaker of the House of Commons.May 27 – Opening of the 45th Parliament and the Speech from the Throne, delivered by Charles III, King of Canada.June 2 – Carney government loses non-binding motion by 166 to 164 that it present a budget before the House of Commons rises for summer vacation on 20 June. Carney and Champagne had announced their plans not to produce a budget before the Speech from the Throne, if not earlier.June 5 – Carney government wins approval of motion in support of the Speech from the Throne, without recorded division. The NDP said it planned not to support the motion, but support from the Bloc Québécois had been guaranteed since 29 April.August 18 – Conservative leader Pierre Poilievre is elected as the new member for Battle River—Crowfoot following a by-election.September 16University—Rosedale MP Chrystia Freeland resigns as a Cabinet minister and announces that she will not seek re-election at the next federal election. Carney then shuffles his Cabinet.November 4Acadie—Annapolis MP Chris d'Entremont, from Nova Scotia, crosses the floor from the Conservative Party to the Liberal Party in order to support the government's budget.November 6 - Matt Jeneroux announced his resignation as the Conservative Party MP for Edmonton Riverbend, remaining in the House until Spring 2026.November 17 – The federal budget passes by a vote of 170 to 168, with 4 absentions and 1 absence.November 27Laurier—Sainte-Marie MP Steven Guilbeault resigns as a Cabinet minister.December 1 – Carney conducts a minor Cabinet shuffle.December 11Markham—Unionville MP Michael Ma, from Ontario, crosses the floor from the Conservative Party to the Liberal Party.

2026

January 9University—Rosedale MP Chrystia Freeland resigns to become an economic advisor for Ukraine.