Zunyi
Zunyi is a prefecture-level city in northern Guizhou province, People's Republic of China, situated between the provincial capital Guiyang to the south and Chongqing to the north, also bordering Sichuan to the northwest. Along with Guiyang and Liupanshui, it is one of the most important cities of the province. The metro area is made of three urban districts of the city, Huichuan, Honghuagang, and Bozhou, had a population of 2,360,549 people. The whole prefecture, including 14 county-level administration area as a whole, had a population of 6,606,675 at the 2020 census.
Zunyi is known for being the location of the Zunyi Conference in 1935, where Mao Zedong was first elected to the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party during the Long March.
History
The area of Zunyi was originally inhabited by the Tongzi people during the Paleolithic. Later, its territory was a part of several kingdoms. Zunyi was considered to be the center of the Yelang kingdom. The region around Zunyi first came under Chinese rule during Han dynasty, during the reign of Emperor Wu of Han. After the Han dynasty collapsed, the area remained under nominal Chinese control, but much of the administration was left to local, non-Han chiefs. In the 7th century CE, the area came under regular Chinese administration during the Tang dynasty, Zunyi was placed under the new Bo Prefecture.Towards the end of the Tang, Bozhou was conquered by the Nanzhao Kingdom. However, it soon gained independence as the Chiefdom of Bozhou in AD 876. The chiefdom became an autonomous prefecture of the Song and subsequent dynasties, while the ruling Yang family held power in Zunyi for more than seven centuries. Bozhou rebelled against the Ming dynasty in 1589, resisting the Ming for more than a decade before its eventual destruction in 1600. Subsequently, Zunyi Prefecture was established, with the present-day city of Zunyi becoming the prefectural seat. Zunyi retained its status as a prefectural seat through the Qing dynasty. After the Xinhai Revolution, Zunyi was redesignated as a county in 1914.
In 1935, the Zunyi Conference took place in the city during the Long March and elevated Mao Zedong to a dominant position within the Chinese Communist Party.
During the country's First Five-Year Plan, Zunyi was redesignated as a city, and experienced considerable growth and transformation.
Geography
Zunyi is located in northern Guizhou at an elevation of ; it is situated in the transition from the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau to the Sichuan Basin and hill country of Hunan.Climate
Zunyi has a four-season, monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate, slightly modified by elevation. It has fairly mild winters and hot, humid summers; close to 60% of the year's of precipitation occurs from May to August. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from in January to in July, while the annual mean is. Rain is common throughout the year, with 176 days annually precipitation, though it does not actually accumulate to much in winter, the cloudiest time of year; summer, in contrast, is the sunniest. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from around 9% in January and February to 42% in August, the city receives only 1,028 hours of bright sunshine annually; only a few locations in neighbouring Sichuan receive less sunshine on average.Administration
Ethnic groups
The 1999 Zunyi Prefecture Almanac lists the following ethnic groups.- Gelao
- Miao
- *' : most populous, found in western Zunyi Prefecture
- *' : central Zunyi Prefecture
- *' : least populous, found in central Zunyi Prefecture
- *' : northwestern Zunyi Prefecture
- Tujia
- Buyi
- Yi
- Dong
- Hui
- Manchu
Transportation
- China National Highway 210
- China National Highway 306
- Chongqing–Guiyang high-speed railway
- G4215 Rongzun Expressway
- G56 Hangzhou–Ruili Expressway
- G75 Lanzhou-Haikou Expressway
- Shizi Bridge
- Sichuan–Guizhou Railway
- Zunyi Xinzhou Airport