List of active separatist movements in Africa

''This is a list of currently active separatist movements in Africa. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism.''

Criteria

What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria:

They are active movements with active members.
They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region.
They are citizens/people of the conflict area and do not come from another country.

Under each region listed is one or more of the following:

De facto state : for unrecognized regions with de facto autonomy.
Proposed state: proposed name for a seceding sovereign state.
Proposed autonomous area: for movements towards greater autonomy for an area but not outright secession.
* De facto autonomous government: for governments with de facto autonomous control over a region.
* Government-in-exile: for a government based outside of the region in question, with or without control.
* Political party : for political parties involved in a political system to push for autonomy or secession.
* Militant organisation: for armed organisations.
* Advocacy group: for non-belligerent, non-politically participatory entities.
* Ethnic/ethno-religious/racial/regional/religious group.
Algeria
Ethnic group: Kabyle Berbers
* Proposed state: Kabylia.
* Government-in-exile: Kabyle Provisional Government.
* Movement leader: Ferhat Mehenni.
* Political party: Movement for the self-determination of Kabylie.

Kabylia is a charter member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
Kabylia is a charter member of the Organization of Emerging African States

Central-Eastern Angola

Ethnic group: Lunda-Tchokwé people
* Proposed state or autonomous region: Democratic Republic of Lunda-Tchokwé
* Government-in-exile: Partido Democrático da Defesa do Estado Lunda-Tchokwé,
* Political party: Partido Democrático da Defesa do Estado Lunda-Tchokwé
* Advocacy groups: Mulher Unida da Lunda-Tchokwé, Pioneiros Unidos da Lunda-Tchokwé, Juventude Unida da Lunda-Tchokwé, Manifesto Jurídico Sociológico do Povo Lunda-Tchokwé

Cabinda is a charter member of the Organization of Emerging African States
Zaire Province and Uíge Province

Ethnic group: Kongo people
* Proposed: restoration of the Kongo Kingdom within Angola
* Movement: Movement of Sovereigns and Scholars
Botswana
Ethnic group: Masubia, Nzanza, Mbowe, Makalahari, MaYeyi, Mampukushu, Makwengari, Mambunda, Matotela, Batoka, Mafwe, Barotse, Leya, Nanzwa, Lujana,
* Advocacy group: Movement for the Survival of the River Races of Zambesia
* Proposed state: Zambesia

North-West District

Kgatleng District

Ethnic group: Bakgatla people
* Proposed: full restoration of the Bakgatla Reserve as an autonomous region or independence

Ethnic group: Kalanga people
* Proposed: establishment of a reserve in the North-East District for the Kalanga people
Burundi
Ethnic group: Great Lakes Twa
* Proposed: autonomy of the Great Lakes Twa
Cameroon
Ethnic group: Anglophones of the former Southern Cameroons, consisting of over 80 ethnic groups
*Population: ~4 million people
*Proposed state: Federal Republic of Ambazonia
* Advocacy group: Interim Government of Ambazonia, Ambazonia Governing Council and others
* Militant groups: Ambazonia Self-Defence Council, Ambazonia Defence Forces, SOCADEF, other smaller militias
* Status: Ongoing civil war

is a charter member of the Organization of Emerging African States
Bakassi

Ethnic group: Kanuri people
* Proposed state: Kanowra
Cape Verde
Proposed: autonomy for São Vicente
* Political party: Democratic and Independent Cape Verdean Union
Central African Republic
Ethnic group: Muslims in the Central African Republic
* Proposed state: Dar al-Kuti
* Advocacy group and militant organization: Séléka
*Status: Ongoing civil war, effectively a proto-state

Ethnic group: Toubou people
* Proposed: autonomy for the Toubou in Chad
* Militant organization: Movement for Democracy and Justice in Chad
Republic of Congo
Ethnic group: Kongo people
* Proposed state: South Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Political parties: Union of Independent Federalists and Republicans
Militant organizations: Mai Mai Kata Katanga
is a charter member of the Organization of Emerging African States