Southern Pashto
Southern Pashto is a standard variety of the Pashto language spoken in southeastern Afghanistan, and northern parts of the Pakistani province of Balochistan, comprising the Southwestern and Southeastern dialects of Pashto.
South Western
Kandahārí Pashtó, also known as, Southwestern Pashto, is a Pashto dialect, spoken in southern and western Afghanistan, including the city of Kandahar.Kandahari Pashto is spoken in Kandahar, Helmand, Ghazni, most of Urozgan, Farah, Faryab and Nimruz, southeastern Ghor, the districts of Murghab, Ghormach, Muqur, and Jawand in Badghis, and parts of Zabul, Paktika, and Herat provinces of Afghanistan. It is also spoken in parts of the provinces of Razavi Khorasan and South Khorasan in Iran, where they numbered roughly 120,000.
It is one of the most archaic varieties of Pashto: the Kandahari dialect retains archaic retroflex sibilants, and . Kandahari also has the affricates and.
Lexical Variation
According to the "Pashto Dialectal Dictionary " published by the Academy of Sciences of Afghanistan the following is noted in Kandahar province:| Standard معياري myārí | Meaning مانا mānā́ | Ghorak | Spin Boldak | Maruf | Arghandab | Panjwayi | Kandahar |
| آباد/ ودان ābā́d/wadā́n | populated | ابات abā́t | ابات abā́t | ابات abā́t | ابات abā́t | ابات abā́t | ابات abā́t |
| اپلتې apláte | absurdity | چټيات čaṭyā́t | چټيات čaṭyā́t | اپلتې apláte | ګډې وډې gaḍé waḍé | ګډې وډې gaḍé waḍé | ګډې وډې gaḍé waḍé |
| اتکړۍ atkaṛə́i | handcuffs | زولنې zawlané | زولنې zawlané | زولنې zawlané | زولنې zolané | زولنې zolané | زولنې zolané |
| اخېړ axéṛ | plaster | ګل gә́l | ګل gә́l | ګل gә́l | کاګل kāgә́l | کاګل kāgә́l | کاګل kāgә́l |
| mother | ادې adé | ادې adé | دادا dādā́ | مور mor | مور mor | مور mor | |
| enmity | دښمني doṣ̌maní | تربورګلوي tarburgalwí | تربورګلوي tarburgalwí | دښمني doṣ̌maní | دښمني doṣ̌maní | دښمني doṣ̌maní | |
| ارت art | wide | پېراخه perāxá | غټ ğaṭ | پراخ prāx | پيراخ pirā́x | پيراخ pirā́x | پيراخ pirā́x |
| اوبدل obdә́l | to weave | ودل wadә́l | ودل wadә́l | اودل odә́l | ودل wadál | ودل wadál | ودل wadál |
| اوړۀ oṛә́ | flour | اوړۀ oṛә́ | اوړۀ oṛә́ | اوړۀ oṛә́ | وړۀ waṛә́ | وړۀ waṛә́ | وړۀ waṛә́ |
South Eastern
In the South Eastern dialect, and in South Western sometimes change to ʃ and ʒ. Whilst and are generally pronounced.| Dialect | ښ | ږ | څ | ځ | ژ |
| Kandahar | |||||
| Quetta |
In all 3rd-person pronouns 'h' is not articulated. And distinction in 'he' and 'she' pronouns is not noted.
| Personal pronoun | Kandahar | Quetta | Meaning |
| زه | zə | zə | I |
| ته | tə, less often təi | tə, less often təi | you |
| هغه | hağə | ağə | he |
| هغه | hağe | ağə | she |
| موږ/مونږ | mʊẓ̌ | mʊž/məž | we |
| تاسو/تاسې | tāse/tāsī | tāse/tāsī | you |
| هغوی | hağwi/hağūi | ağwi/ağūi | they |
Kākaṛi
Kākaṛi is classed as Southeastern dialect. The following has been noted:| Kākaṛi | Literary Pashto | Grammar | Meaning |
| بم bam | به مې bə me | bə: future / past habitual marker me: Weak Oblique 1st Pronoun | Example: ای د سترګو ديد بم سره کله کږي āi də stə́rgo did bam sará kə́la káži Oh when will my eyes' viewing |
| امۍ amə́i | ګډا gaḍā́ | Direct Singular Feminine Noun | dance |
| راله rā́la | راغله rā́ğla | come: Aorist Past 3rd Person Feminine Singular | came |
| سي si | چې če | that: Particle | that |
Sherani
According to Josef Elfenbein, Sherani Pashto can be classed either as South Western or South Eastern. Word choice can be distinct:Marwat-Bettani
In Marwat-Bettani the following is noted:| Dialect | ښ | ږ | څ | ځ | ژ | ش |
| Marwat | , |
Compare the words
| Standard | Kandahar | Marwat | Marwat | Meaning |
| رېبځ | /re.bəˈd͡z/ | رېبځ | broom | |
| ږمنځ | ږمنځ | comb | ||
| ژامه | /ʒɑˈ.ma/ | زامبه | jaw | |
| مټينګى | /maʈinɡaˈi/ | مټونګى | bastard | |
| پروړه | /proˈ.ɽa/ | پروړې | straw | |
| دروزه | /d̪ruˈ.za/ | دروزې | haulm |
Comparison with Karlāṇi varieties
Marwatwala agrees with other Karlāṇi varieties in the phonetic change in ښ as .Example:
| Yusupzai | Marwatwāla | Meaning |
| ښار | ښار | city |
| xār | šār | city |
| ښادي | ښودي | happiness |
| xādí | šodí | happiness |
Rendition of ش
It is noted by Yousuf Khan Jazab, in Marwatwala ش can be rendered as.Example: