Shortnin' Bread
"Shortnin' Bread" is an American folk song dating back at least to 1900, when James Whitcomb Riley published it as a poem. While there is speculation that Riley may have based his poem on an earlier Plantation complexes in the [Southern United States|African-American plantation] song, no definitive evidence of such an origin has yet been uncovered. A "collected" version of the song was published by E. C. Perrow in 1915. It is song number 4209 in the Roud [Folk Song Index].
Shortening bread refers to a bread made of corn meal, with or without flour and lard shortening.
Origins
The origin of "Shortnin' Bread" is obscure. Despite speculation of African-American roots, it is possible that it may have originated with Riley as a parody of an African-American plantation song, in the minstrel or coon song traditions popular at the time.Riley titled the song "A Short'nin' Bread Song—Pieced Out", and wrote the first verse as:
The dialect rendered into common English would be:
The verse includes:
Another pair of verses may be later, and exist in several versions:
In some versions there are two children instead of three – and the "other" either "bump'd his head" or "was dead". The first does not quite scan. The children were once referred to by one of several racist terms.
Other verses include:
Reese DuPree composed a version recorded in 1927.
Folk version
Titled "Shortened Bread", E. C. Perrow published the first folk version of this song in 1915, which he collected from East Tennessee in 1912. The folk version of the song—as with Riley's—does not have any distinct theme, but consists of various floating lyrics, some relating to "shortnin' bread", some not. The traditional chorus associated with the folk song is:Other renditions
- Al Jolson
- 1926 - Gid Tanner
- 1933 – Paul Robeson
- 1938 - The Andrews Sisters
- 1961 - The Viscounts
- 1952 - Sonny Terry, Sonny Terry's New Sound: The Jawharp in Blues and Folk Music
- Lawrence Tibbett
- Fats Waller
- 1959 - Dave Brubeck
- 1961 - Frances Faye
- Richard White
- Clayton McMichen
- 1937 – Nelson Eddy, Maytime
- 1956 - Etta James, Etta "Miss Peaches" James: Shortnin' Bread Rock / Tears of Joy
- 1963 – Mississippi John Hurt, D.C. Blues: Library of Congress Recordings
- 1966 – Lee Dorsey
- 1977 - Charles Mingus
- 1979 - The Beach Boys, L.A.
- 1982 – Klaus Flouride
- 1981 – The Kelly Family, Wonderful World!
- 1990 – The Cramps, Stay Sick
- 1997 - Taj Mahal
- 1998 – The Tractors, Farmers in a Changing World, Heaven's Sake Kids
- 2002 – Laurie Berkner, Under a Shady Tree
- 2014 and 2017 – The Wiggles
- 2023 – Israel's Arcade
The Beach Boys version