Legislative Assembly of Samoa
The Legislative Assembly, also known as the Parliament of Samoa, is the national legislature of Samoa, seated at Apia, where the country's central administration is situated. Samoan Parliament is composed of two parts: the O le Ao o le Malo and the Legislative Assembly. The 18th Parliament was inaugurated on 16 September 2025.
In the Samoan language, the Legislative Assembly of Samoa is sometimes referred to as the Samoan Fono while the government of the country is referred to as the Malo. The word fono is a Samoan and Polynesian term for councils or meetings great and small and applies to national assemblies and legislatures, as well as local village councils.
The modern government of Samoa exists on a national level alongside the country's fa'amatai indigenous chiefly system of governance and social organisation. The O le Ao o le Malo can summon and call together the Legislative Assembly, and can prorogue or dissolve Parliament, in order to either end a parliamentary session or call a general election on behalf of the Prime Minister of Samoa.
History
The Samoan Fono is descended from the Western Samoan Legislative Assembly established under New Zealand rule in the early 1900s. On the country's political independence in 1962, the 5th Legislative Assembly became the 1st Western Samoan Parliament.Powers and procedures
The Samoan Constitution provides the Legislative Assembly to make laws for the whole or any part of Samoa and laws having effect outside as wellas within Samoa. Any Member of Parliament may introduce any bill or propose any motion for debate in the Assembly or present any petition to
the Assembly, and the same shall be considered and disposed of under the provisions of the Standing Orders.
Members of Parliament possess parliamentary privilege and immunities.
The Legislative Assembly can be dissolved or prorogue by the O le Ao o le Malo, with the advice of the Prime Minister.
Members of Parliament
Prior to a 2019 constitutional amendment, the Samoan Fono had 49 Members of Parliament. These were elected in six two-seat and 35 single-seat constituencies. Of these 49 seats, 47 were legally reserved for traditional heads of families '' and two for special constituencies: These two seats were first reserved for Samoan citizens descended from non-Samoans and elected on a non-territorial basis until the 2015 constitutional amendment after which these were replaced with specific 'urban constituencies'. These 'urban constituencies' were only in place for the 2016 general election and were then abolished by the 2019 amendment ahead of the next general election. Following this amendment, each electoral constituency elects one member, totalling 51 members of parliament.An extra Member of Parliament was added after the 2016 election in order to meet the quota of 10% female MPs.
Members of Parliament in Samoa are directly elected by universal suffrage, and serve a five-year term.
Head of State
The ceremonial Head of State or O le Ao o le Malo is elected for a five-year term by the Fono. O le Ao o le Malo is limited to a maximum of 2 terms.Elections
Elections are held under a simple plurality system. Samoan electors are divided into 51 single member constituencies.Electors must be Samoan citizens and aged over 21. Candidates must be qualified as electors, and are required hold a matai title.
Last election results
Terms of parliament
The Legislative Assembly is currently in its 17th session, its convention did not occur until several months after the 2021 Samoan general election was held, due to the 2021 Samoan constitutional crisis. The 17th parliament convened for the first time on 14 September 2021.| Term | Elected in | Government |
| 1st Legislative Assembly | 1948 election | United Citizens Party |
| 2nd Legislative Assembly | 1951 election | No parties |
| 3rd Legislative Assembly | 1954 election | No parties |
| 4th Legislative Assembly | 1957 election | No parties |
| 5th Legislative Assembly / 1st Parliament | 1961 election | No parties |
| 2nd Parliament | 1964 election | No parties |
| 3rd Parliament | 1967 election | No parties |
| 4th Parliament | 1970 election | No parties |
| 5th Parliament | 1973 election | No parties |
| 6th Parliament | 1976 election | No parties |
| 7th Parliament | 1979 election | No parties |
| 8th Parliament | 1982 election | Human Rights Protection Party |
| 9th Parliament | 1985 election | Human Rights Protection Party / Christian Democratic Party |
| 10th Parliament | 1988 election | Human Rights Protection Party |
| 11th Parliament | 1991 election | Human Rights Protection Party |
| 12th Parliament | 1996 election | Human Rights Protection Party |
| 13th Parliament | 2001 election | Human Rights Protection Party |
| 14th Parliament | 2006 election | Human Rights Protection Party |
| 15th Parliament | 2011 election | Human Rights Protection Party |
| 16th Parliament | 2016 election | Human Rights Protection Party |
| 17th Parliament | 2021 election | Faʻatuatua i le Atua Samoa ua Tasi |
| 18th Parliament | 2025 election | Faʻatuatua i le Atua Samoa ua Tasi |