South Carolina General Assembly


The South Carolina General Assembly, also called the South Carolina Legislature, is the state legislature of the U.S. state of South Carolina. The legislature is bicameral and consists of the lower South Carolina House of Representatives and the upper South Carolina Senate. All together, the General Assembly consists of 170 members. The legislature convenes at the State House in Columbia.
Prior to the 1964 federal Reynolds v. Sims decision by the U.S. Supreme Court, each county doubled as a legislative district, with each county electing one senator and at least one representative. Moreover, each county's General Assembly delegation also doubled as its county council, as the state constitution made no provision for local government.
The "one man, one vote" provision of Reynolds v. Sims caused district lines to cross county lines, causing legislators to be on multiple county councils. This led to the passage of the Home Rule Act of 1975, which created county councils that were independent of the General Assembly. However, the General Assembly still retains considerable authority over local government. As a result, the legislature still devotes considerable time to local matters, and county legislative delegations still handle many matters that are handled by county governments in the rest of the country.
There are 124 members of the South Carolina House of Representatives, who are elected every two years, and the South Carolina Senate has 46 members, elected every four years concurrent to the presidential election. For both houses, there are no term limits. The General Assembly meets in joint session to elect judges, with all 170 members having an equal vote in such elections.

Role

The main role of the South Carolina General Assembly is to pass laws "as the common good may require." In order for a bill to become law, both the Senate and House of Representatives must vote to pass the bill by a simple majority. Then the bill must be sent to the governor. If the governor vetoes the bill, both houses can either sustain the veto or override the veto. Veto overrides require a two-thirds majority. Once he receives the bill, if the governor neither signs nor vetoes the bill, it becomes law after five days, Sundays excluded.

Qualifications

Senators

According to the South Carolina Constitution, no person may serve as a senator who:
  • Is not qualified to vote in state elections
  • Is not a resident of the district in which he or she seeks to represent
  • Is not at least 25 years of age
  • Has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to a felony or voter fraud or bribery unless 15 years has elapsed since the time was served.

    Representatives

According to the South Carolina Constitution, no person may serve as a representative who:
  • Is not qualified to vote in state elections
  • Is not a resident of the district in which he or she seeks to represent
  • Is not at least 21 years of age
  • Has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to a felony or voter fraud or bribery unless 15 years has elapsed since the time was served.

    Officers

Senate

House of Representatives

Historic party control

YearSenate
Majority		House
Majority		Governor
Control
1868RepublicanRepublicanRepublican
1870RepublicanRepublicanRepublican
1872RepublicanRepublicanRepublican
1874RepublicanRepublicanRepublican
1876RepublicanDemocraticDemocratic
1878DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1880DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1882DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1884DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1886DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1888DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1890DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1892DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1894DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1896DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1898DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1900DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1902DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1904DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1906DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1908DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1910DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1912DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1914DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1916DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1918DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1920DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1922DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1924DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1926DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1930DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1934DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1938DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1942DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1946DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1950DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1954DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1958DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1962DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1966DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1970DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1974DemocraticDemocraticRepublican
1978DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1982DemocraticDemocraticDemocratic
1986DemocraticDemocraticRepublican
1990DemocraticDemocraticRepublican
1994DemocraticRepublicanRepublican
1998RepublicanRepublicanDemocratic
2002RepublicanRepublicanRepublican
2006RepublicanRepublicanRepublican
2010RepublicanRepublicanRepublican
2014RepublicanRepublicanRepublican
2018RepublicanRepublicanRepublican
2022RepublicanRepublicanRepublican
2024RepublicanRepublicanRepublican
2026TBDRepublicanTBD