Obihiro


Obihiro is a city located in Tokachi Subprefecture, Hokkaidō, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 159,294 in 90105 households, and a population density of 257 people per km2. The total area of the city is. The next most populous municipality in Tokachi is the adjacent town of Otofuke, with less than a third of Obihiro's population. In 2008, Obihiro was designated a "model environmental city" in Japan.

Geography

Obihiro is located in southeastern Hokkaido, almost in the center of the Tokachi Plain, with its boundaries extending to the southwest. The mountainous region is designated as Hidakasanmyaku-Erimo-Tokachi National Park. Approximately half of the plains are farmland, forming a large-scale field cropping area. The Tokachi River, the sixth largest river basin in Japan, flows through the northern part of the city.

Neighboring municipalities

  • Otofuke
  • Memuro
  • Sarabetsu
  • Nakasatsunai
  • Makubetsu
  • Biratori
  • Hidaka
  • Niikappu

    Rivers

Obihiro has one of Japan's most pristine rivers flowing through its city limits. Japan's Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism has chosen Obihiro's Satsunai River, which joins the Tokachi River outside of town, as the cleanest Class A river in Japan seven times since 1991. It is designated as a Class A River by the Japanese government due to its importance to environmental conservation and the national economy. In the Ainu language, Satnay means "dry river", and even today, most of its run is shallow. The city draws most of its drinking water from the Satsunai. The biggest pollutant in the river is nitrates from fertilizer run off from all the farming operations along the river's banks. The other major river in the city is the Tokachi, but its water is not used for drinking as it has much higher pollution levels.

Forests

In 1974, a plan for the creation of an expansive city recreation space was initiated, and from 1975 to 2004 large groups of Obihiro citizens participated in "Tree Planting Festivals". These actions have resulted in the creation of a new forest; the Obihiro no Mori. Recently, tree planting in the forest has been limited to small projects due to a lack of space to plant more trees.

Climate

According to the Köppen climate classification, Toyokoro has a humid continental climate. It has large temperature differences, including large annual and daily temperature ranges. It receives a lot of snow, and is designated as a heavy snow area. In winter, temperatures below -20°C are not uncommon, making it extremely cold.

Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Obihiro has remained relatively stable in recent decades. The city had approximately 500 foreign residents in 2008.

Climate

Obihiro has a humid continental climate with warm summers and cold winters, very similar with the coast of New England. Precipitation falls throughout the year, but is higher in late summer and early Fall.

History

Obihiro was the area first settled by Benzō Yoda in May 1883. It became a city on April 1, 1933. In 1957 the villages of Taishō and Kawanishi merged with Obihiro, bringing it to its current size.

Historical timeline

Government

Obihiro has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 29 members. Obihiro, as part of Tokachi Subprefecture, contributes four members to the Hokkaidō Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of the Hokkaidō 11th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.
The city contains the headquarters of the Fifth Division of the Northern Army of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force. It also hosts the Rally Japan World Rally Championship-event.

Economy

Obihiro, along with most of Tokachi, has a large agricultural sector that revolves around large scale farming operations. Farms within the boundaries of Obihiro have an average of approximately 24 hectares of arable land; exceeding the Hokkaido average and the national average. The main crops produced are wheat, potatoes, beets, and beans, but there has also been progress in the production of nagaimo and gobō ; two of Tokachi's specialty products. The headquarters of 3 nationally renowned pastry companies are also located in Obihiro.

Education

Obihiro has 25 public elementary schools and 13 public middle schools, and one combined elementary/junior high school operated by the city. The city has five public high schools and three special education schools for the handicapped operated by the Hokkaido Board of Education, and three private high schools. There is one national university, the Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine located in the city. There are also eight vocational training schools.

Transportation

Airport

  • Tokachi-Obihiro Airport, located to the south of downtown Obihiro, but is still within the city's borders. It takes 50 minutes by car or 1 hour by bus from Obihiro Station to the airport.

    Railways

- Nemuro Main Line

Highways

Obihiro has three international sister-cities:
While on a business trip in Alaska, a teacher at Obihiro's Agricultural High School, Yasuhiko Ohzono, was asked by the mayor of Seward to create some sort of cultural exchange between the two cities.
On March 21, 1967, the mayor of Obihiro sent a picture album and other materials to introduce the city to the mayor of Seward. The mayor of Seward sent a message, a coat of arms, and a medal; all of which were personally delivered by a member of the entourage of the U.S.-Japan Fishing Industry Negotiation Team in Japan at the time.
Obihiro sends the Mayor of Seward a wooden carving of a bear. On January 31, 1968, the resolution made by the Seward City Council arrives. The City of Obihiro also created a resolution on March 27, 1968, the sister city agreement was signed by both sides, and exchange between the two cities began. Since the Obihiro Economic Observation Group visited Seward in September, 1971, there have been various exchanges between Seward and Obihiro. Both mayors and many citizens of both cities have participated in exchanges, and the high school student exchange program has been put on every year since the summer of 1973.
Interaction between the two cities began with Chaoyang's Economic Observation Group Visit to Obihiro on May 30, 1985. In September that same year, Obihiro sent the 15 member Northeast China Friendship and Observation Group to Chaoyang.
Since then various groups have made exchange visits, agricultural trainees have been received, and there has even been exchanges of craft projects between elementary students. Since 1987, administrative and agricultural trainees have made 13 visits. In addition, JICA has been sending agricultural specialists to Chaoyang.
At the end of October in 1999, the mayor of Obihiro at the time, Toshifumi Sunagawa, lead the Official Friendship Visit Group to Chaoyang, and he exchanged memos regarding the signing of a Friendship City Agreement.
On November 17, 2000, the mayor of Chaoyang at the time, Daicao Wang, lead a delegation to Obihiro where a Friendship City Agreement was signed with the purpose of deepening interaction between the two cities across a wide range of fields, and to promote further friendship and peace between the two cities; not to mention China and Japan.
The two cities have run a high school student exchange program since 2002.
Obihiro became sister cities with Madison in October 2006. The two cities have almost the same latitude, and have similar climates. The content of the sister-city relationship has been mainly various visits to Madison regarding the field of mental health, but since the official start of the relationship there have been various fact-finding missions to and from Madison. There was even a short visit to Obihiro by two Madison area students, in August 2007. Obihiro hopes to learn more about Madison agriculture, mental health systems and facilities, and about how the University of Wisconsin–Madison runs various programs and organizations that have helped make it the university it is today. For example, the Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine has shown interest in marketing ice cream and other dairy products as the Babcock Dairy does at UW–Madison.

Local attractions

Ban'ei horse racing

Obihiro is famous for the unique style of horse racing that takes place at the city's horse racetrack. Hokkaido farmers in the 1900s had tug-of-war contests between their work horses to judge their strength and value. This gradually became a more formalized event and eventually became the racing we know today as Ban'ei horse racing. Rather than an oblong track, which most people think of when talking about horse racing, Obihiro's ban'ei track is a straight 200 m run with two hills. Large and powerful draft horses pull sleds that can weigh more than a ton while their rider whips them hard to make them go faster. The track and facilities were renovated in 2007 due to major efforts by the city government to increase the popularity of the races. One unique aspect of the track is that spectators can walk alongside the track as the horses struggle towards the finish line. Starting in 2006, the City of Obihiro has poured money into reviving this sport and considers it a part of the city's traditional culture.

Major festivals

Obihiro has three major festivals: the Flat Plain Festival, the Chrysanthemum Festival, and the Ice Festival.

Kita no Yatai

The Kita no Yatai is an alleyway of unique foodstands that is open all year-round, and offers foods from many different countries.