Fat choy
Fat choy is a terrestrial cyanobacterium that is used as a vegetable in Chinese cuisine. When dried, the product has the appearance of black hair. For that reason, its name in Chinese means "hair vegetable". When soaked, fat choy has a soft texture which is like very fine vermicelli.
Production
Fat choy grows on the ground in the Gobi Desert and the Qinghai Plateau. Over-harvesting on the Mongolian steppes has furthered erosion and desertification in those areas. The Chinese government has limited its harvesting, which has caused its price to increase.Commercially available fat choy has been found to be adulterated with strands of a non-cellular starchy material, with other additives and dyes. Real fat choy is dark green in color, while the counterfeit fat choy appears black.
Use
China
Its name in Cantonese sounds like a Cantonese phrase meaning "struck it rich" -- this is found, for example, in the Cantonese saying, "Gung1 hei2 faat3 coi4", often proclaimed during Chinese New Year. Therefore, it is a popular ingredient for Chinese New Year dishes, such as in the reunion dinner. It is mostly used in Cantonese cuisine and Buddhist cuisine. It is sometimes used as a hot pot ingredient.Due to its high price, fat choy is considered a luxury food, and only used in limited occasions. It is not eaten as a staple.
Health effects
N. flagelliforme has no nutritional value, and also contains beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine, a toxic amino acid that could affect the normal functions of nerve cells and is linked to degenerative diseases such as ALS, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and dementia. Not all real fat choy samples contain BMAA according to a 2009 study, with the maximum concentration being 658.5 ng/g. Imitation fat choy does not contain BMAA.Across a 28-day duration, laboratory rats fed N. flagelliforme and the control group did not exhibit significant differences in any toxicological parameters.
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