Nissan CA engine


The CA engine is a series of Inline-4 piston engines from Nissan. It is designed for a wide variety of smaller Nissan vehicles to replace the Z engine and some smaller, four-cylinder L series engines. The "CA" stands for Clean Air, due to the installation of Nissan emission reducing technology, called NAPS-X.
The CA is a cast iron block, aluminum head design with a timing belt, which was cheaper to make than the timing chain setup on the Z and L engines. Earlier versions featured SOHC and eight valves. The new CA block design was a scaled-up E series block with timing shaft and other ancillaries removed. The oil pump is fitted directly onto the crank nose and the distributor is driven by the end of the camshaft. Like the E series and the A block from which the E was derived, Nissan used a taller block for the largest stroked 2.0-litre engine. The CA was designed to be compact and light, with a CA16 requiring only of space, while weighing 23% less at.
Later versions featured DOHC with 16 valves for increased efficiency at high engine speeds and a smoother power delivery. The hydraulic lifters are interchangeable between all DOHC RB and VG series engines excepting those with solid lifters. The Nissan CA would also be developed into a diesel engine, known as the CD, which replaced the four-cylinder LD series.
The engine was deemed too expensive to produce due to its cast-iron block, and over the years it also no longer met the ever-changing Japanese emission standards that were emerging at the time. The 1.8 L and 2.0 L versions were replaced by the all-aluminum and chain-driven SR series as Nissan's primary four-cylinder engine while the smaller 1.6 L version was replaced by the GA series, both in 1987. Engines for the low volume European markets, such as the 200SX, were supplied by the overstock between Japanese and Australian markets. Production of the CA series ceased in 1994.

CA16

The CA16 series of engines is a engine produced from 1985 through 1990. Bore and stroke is and it was built either with carburetors or fuel injection.

CA16S

The CA16S is a water cooling serial 4-cylinder OHC engine. It produces at 5200 rpm and at 3200 rpm.
Applications:
The CA16DE is a engine produced from 1987 through 1989. It produces at 6400 rpm and at 5200 rpm. Bore and stroke is. It was a 16-valve DOHC engine with multi-port fuel injection, for front wheel drive use. North American versions used Nissan's NICS, which opened up the secondary intake ports to each cylinder via a butterfly valve in each port. Activated at 3,900 rpm, this improved flow and performance resultingly. Additionally, on activation of the secondaries under a heavy load the fuel injection also went from sequential mode to simultaneous-pulse mode. These features were also found on North American CA18DE engines.
Applications:

CA18S

The CA18 was a carbureted version of the CA engine available in Japan. It produces and. Bore and stroke is.
It was used in the following vehicles:
  • 1984 Nissan Laurel
  • 1984 Nissan Skyline
  • 1985-1987 Nissan Skyline
  • 1988 Nissan Stanza
  • 1987-1988 Nissan Auster
  • 1985-1990 Nissan Bluebird
  • 1988-199? Nissan Bluebird

    CA18(i)

The CA18 is a naturally aspirated engine it delivers at 5200 rpm. The fuel in this engine is not delivered via Multi Port Fuel Injection, it's instead delivered by Throttle Body Fuel Injection hence the letter on the engine code. Bore and stroke is, for a total displacement of.
Applications:
The CA18E is a naturally aspirated,, single-cam engine. It uses Multi Point Fuel Injection.
Applications:
  • Nissan Bluebird 1.8 SSS-E - at 5600 rpm, at 2800 rpm
  • 1983.08-1985.08 Nissan Skyline 1.8 TI

    CA18DE

The CA18DE is a DOHC engine produced from 1985 through January 1991. It produces at 6400 rpm and at 5200 rpm. It uses the same aluminum 16-valve head as the CA18DET, but it did not use the piston oil squirters that are found on the CA18DET. A crank girdle as found on all CA18DETs is fitted into some versions of the engine in some markets; Nissan's parts data system "FAST" has to be consulted or the sump removed to determine if it can be fitted.
It was used in the following vehicles:
  • Transversal :
  • * Nissan Pulsar NX SE
  • * Nissan EXA
  • * Mid 1980s Nissan Sunny N13
  • * Mid 1980s Nissan Sunny B12 Coupe
  • * Late 1980s Nissan Bluebird T72
  • * Nissan Bluebird RNU12
  • * 1985-1990 Nissan Auster "1.8Xt TwinCam"
  • * 1988-1991 KN13 Nissan EXA
  • Longitudinal :
  • * 1985-1991 Nissan Skyline HR31 1800I
  • * 1989-1990 Nissan Silvia/180SX P/S13

    CA18ET

The CA18ET was produced from 1984 through 1992. It is a turbocharged version of the CA18E, which produces and from a single Garrett T2 turbocharger which did not feature an intercooler. The low-pressure turbo has a overcharge. The engine has fuel and air delivered via ECCS Multiport Fuel Injection, a system developed together with Hitachi.
It was used in the following vehicles:
The CA18DET was the last version of the CA engine to be released, manufactured from 1985 to 1994. It is a turbocharged version of the CA18DE, producing and. It has a brand new DOHC aluminum head with 16 valves. The turbocharger was also upgraded to a Garrett T25 unit for increased flow capacity, and as such, was fitted with an intercooler to help prevent the onset of pre-ignition and/or detonation. Fuel was delivered via Multiport Fuel Injection. Bore and stroke is. An electronically controlled fuel injection system was used with injectors.
There were 2 versions of the CA18DET available, yet only one was produced for Japan. The late model Japanese CA18DETs received 8 port heads, with butterfly actuated auxiliary ports in the lower intake manifold which corresponded with 8 ports in the head.
Below c. 3,800 rpm, only one set of long, narrow ports would be open, accelerating the intake charge to the cylinder. This allowed for quick spool and good low-end tractability. At the 3800 rpm change over, not only would the ECCS shift into batch fire fuel injection, but it also opened the second set of short, wide ports which assisted in high RPM flow.
This engine is known for stronger torque characteristics, as well as faster spool at lower RPMs. However, due to displacement-based taxation and cost of emissions testing in Europe, the CA18DET was sold as the only available engine in the S13 chassis 200SX until replaced by the S14 in 1994. The Euro motors received the 4 port head and intake manifold, as well as revised ECCS parameters.
It was used in the following vehicles:
  • Transversal :
  • * 1985-1990 Nissan Auster "1.8Xtt" and "Euroform Twincam Turbo"
  • * 1987-1989 Nissan Bluebird RNU12 SSS ATTESA Limited
  • Longitudinal :
  • * 1987-1988 Silvia S12 RS-X
  • * 1987-1989 Silvia S12 Grand Prix final edition in Europe
  • * 1988-mid 1990 Nissan Silvia/180SX S13
  • * 1989-1994 Nissan 200SX RS13-U Europe.

    CA20

The CA20 is a series of SOHC engine produced from 1982 through 1991. Bore and stroke is.

CA20P

The CA20P is a carbureted, single overhead cam designed to run on LPG. It came in two claimed different power outputs, initially JIS gross at 5,600 rpm and later JIS net at 4,800 rpm. The respective torque figures are at 2,800 rpm and at 2,000 rpm. This engine was usually installed in professional cars and was not regularly available to private buyers. It was replaced by the NA20P engine in mid-1991.
Applications:
The CA20S is an SOHC engine produced from 1982 through 1987, fed by a carburetor. It typically produces a peak power of at 5,200 rpm and has a peak torque rating of at 3,600 rpm.
Applications:
  • Nissan Stanza
  • Nissan Prairie M11/M12 Europe
  • Nissan Auster
  • Nissan Bluebird Series 3 1985-1986
  • Nissan Bluebird U11 Estate 1985-1990
  • Nissan Bluebird T12 1985-1988
  • Nissan Laurel 1984-1990
  • Nissan Skyline GL and GLE
  • 1983-1987 Nissan Cedric/Gloria Y30
  • Nissan Vanette C22 / Vanette Largo GC22 Model, Japan

    CA20E

The SOHC CA20E was produced from August 1981 to 1991. It produces and. Fuel was delivered via Multiport Fuel Injection. Dual spark plugs per cylinder were used in some variants of this engine for enhanced combustion efficiency, called NAPS-X.
It was used in the following vehicles:
  • 1984-1988 Nissan 200SX / Nissan Gazelle
  • 1986-1992 Nissan Pintara R31/U12
  • 1984-1990 Nissan Stanza
  • 1982-1988 Stanza Wagon / Multi M10
  • 1987-1989 Nissan Bluebird / Bluebird ATTESA U12
  • 1988-1990 Nissan Bluebird T72
  • 1986-1991 Nissan Pintara