Nepal Police

Nepal Police is the national and primary national law enforcement agency of Nepal, operating under the Ministry of Home Affairs. It is primarily responsible for maintaining law and order, prevention of crime and crime investigation within the jurisdiction determined by the Constitution of Nepal. Apart from its primary role, Nepal Police conducts a vast array of duties such as VIP protection, Security of Vital Installations, Traffic management, Secret services, Intelligence collection, Riot Control, Disaster management, Hostage rescue and various other Ceremonial roles. Nepal Police is currently led by Inspector General of Police Dan Bahadur Karki since 13 November 2025. He is the 33rd IGP of Nepal Police.

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History

Before the Rana Regime (1864–1951 AD)

During the Rana Regime, little was done to institutionalize policing, establishing Milisiya, Thana police Chakki, office of police director general etc. which gradually shaped the Nepal Police into this modern "Nepal Police".

During the period 1951–1990

Nepal saw the dawn of democracy after the fall of the Rana regime.
The Police Headquarters was established in 1952 in Kathmandu. Mr. Toran Shamsher J.B. Rana was appointed the first Inspector General of Police. The Police Act, 2012 BS came into effect. The Police Regulation, 2015 BS came into effect.
The Parliamentary Government under the multi-party system was adopted for some years which was followed by Panchayat System since 1960. The establishment of the Central Police Training Centre in 1963 A.D.

1990–present

The people's democratic movement of 1990 reinstated the multi-party democratic system. The new constitution of the kingdom was promulgated on 9 November 1991. The Police Reform Commission was constituted in the year 1992 and the modernisation of the police started to come in tune with the aspirations of the people and norms of a multi-party system. The first contingent of police personnel was deployed on a UN mission in 1991. More than 2000 police personnel have already served the international community in blue helmets.
The Nepal Police has total of 79,554 police personnel, and has 2,344 permanent and 507 temporary police offices and units spread all over the country. The present chief is Chandra Kuber Khapung.

Head of Nepal Police

The Nepalese Police is headed by the Inspector General of Police of Nepal. He reports directly to the Ministry of Home Affairs and is appointed by the Government of Nepal for a tenure of four years, although two IGPs have served for six years.

Organizational structure

Nepal Police is structured into various branches and specialized units to address the country's diverse security, investigative, and administrative needs. There are four Bureaus and five Departments in the Police Headquarters that function to undertake the policing activities of Nepal Police. These branches are designed to uphold public safety, enforce laws, and respond effectively to emerging threats across both urban and rural areas.

Core Operational Branches

Metropolitan Traffic Police Division

Kathmandu Valley traffic Police Office

Metropolitan Police Range

Kathmandu Valley Police Office

Provincial Police Offices (PPOs)

Koshi Province Police Office
Madhesh Province Police Office
Bagmati Province Police Office
Gandaki Province Police Office
Lumbini province Police Office
Karnali Province Police Office
Sudurpaschim Province Police Office

Departments

5. Crime Investigation Department

Central Polygraph Section

Nepal Police has started using for credibility assessment in criminal and internal disciplinary investigations from 6 February 2014. Nepal Police has established "Central Polygraph Section" in Crime Investigation Department at Police Headquarters.

Types of Nepal Police Personnel

1. General Duty Police

District Police Offices – Local law enforcement in all 77 districts
Metropolitan Police Ranges – Urban policing in Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Pokhara, etc.
Provincial Police Offices – Command centers aligned with Nepal’s federal structure
Border Police Units – Monitor and secure international borders
Tourist Police

2. Investigative Police

Crime Investigation Department
Central Investigation Bureau
Cyber Bureau
Human Trafficking Control Bureau
Women and Children Service Directorate

3. Traffic Police

Kathmandu Valley Traffic Police Office
Regional Traffic Units – Operate in major cities and highways
Mobile Traffic Patrols – Equipped with GPS and surveillance tool

4. Tactical Units and Special Forces

Special Task Force
Riot Control Units
VIP Security Division
Anti-Terrorism Task Force

5. Technical Police

Forensic Science Laboratory
Communication Directorate
Training Directorate
Logistics and Welfare Directorate
Medical and Engineering Units

6. Training and Academic Units

National Police Academy
Regional Training Centers
Specialized Skill Schools – Cybercrime, disaster response, negotiation

7. Ceremonial and Community Police

Engaged in public outreach, cultural representation, and ceremonial duties.

Nepal Police Band
Community Police Units – Promote citizen engagement and safety awareness
Aasara Drug Rehabilitation Center – Social reintegration programs

List of Additional Inspector General of Police (AIGPs)

These departments are headed either by Additional Inspector General of Police or Deputy Inspector General of Police. In addition to the departments, there are the National Police Academy and the Metropolitan Police Office that are being looked by Additional Inspector General of Police.

AIGP Name	Department/ Bureau	Function
Uma Prassad Chaturvedi	Operations Department	Coordinates field operations, riot control, and tactical deployments
Sushil Singh Rathore	Crime Investigation Department	Oversees criminal investigations nationwide
Rajan Adhikari	Human Resource Department	Manages personnel, recruitment, and administrative affairs
Himalayan Kumar Shrestha	Administration Department	Leads traffic regulation and enforcement across Nepal
Dambar Bahadur BK	Province Coordination Department	Leads traffic regulation and enforcement across Nepal
Siddhi Bikram Shah	National Police Academy	Responsible for strategic leadership training and curriculum development
Dan Bahadur Karki	Kathmandu Valley Police	Maintains law and order in Kathmandu Valley
Manoj Kumar KC	Central Investigation Bureau	Focuses on high-profile and organized crime investigations
Purposed	Narcotics Control Bureau	Handles drug-related crimes and international coordination
Purposed	Tribhuvan Int'l Airport Security	Airport perimeter and terminal security and safety

[Nepal Police Hospital]

Nepal Police Hospital was inaugurated by the late king Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev on the 27th of Chaitra, 2040 BS. It was established to provide free health services to in-service policemen, their families, and ex-servicemen and their spouses. The hospital commenced OPD services and 25 bedded indoor services through 5 medical doctors, a few nurses, paramedics and administrative staff. The infrastructure then was built with the financial support of the Government of Nepal and the voluntary contribution of the police personnel. Some instruments and equipment were donated by the Government of India and a Japanese club. The Government of Nepal has been bearing all the expenses of the hospital ever since its establishment. The routine annual budget allocated by the government to the hospital is inadequate to meet the increasing demand for health services for the staff of the Police organization. Therefore, Prahari Kalyan Kosh of Nepal Police has established a trust to provide health services to the family members of the serving policemen ex-servicemen and their spouses. The fund supports to purchase of medicines for physically and mentally handicapped and Renal Failure patients. It also provides a variable additional budget every year to further support the above-mentioned group of patients. Though the spectrum of services provided by the hospital in the initial stage was minimal, it had a great positive impact on all the policemen and medical professionals.

National Police Academy">National Police Academy, Nepal">National Police Academy

Head: AIGP
The National Police Academy of Nepal, formerly known as the Sadar Prahari Talim Kendra, is an academic wing of the Nepal Police. It is solely responsible for conducting basic and advanced training programs for the police officers in Nepal. AIGP Tek Prasad Rai is the executive director of this academy. The NPA is the apex body of all Nepal Police Training Institutions in the country. The main objectives of NPA are:

To conduct foundation training by offering developmental opportunities to senior police officers and technical police officers.
To prepare police instructors required for the entire police training system in Nepal Police and provide consultancy services.
To offer and undertake advanced training for senior police officers in the field of leadership, management, and administration, proactive policing, community policing trainer's training, etc.
To extend prospective and substantive relationships with universities in the relevant subjects and to award academic degrees to the trainees.
To organize workshops, seminars, symposiums, conferences, and short courses on policing issues.
To carry out quality research activities or to act as a research faculty regarding the police profession to develop analytical capability.
To extend assistance and advice to police headquarters i.e. consultancy service rendered to PHQ in formulating training policies.

Research and Planning Directorate

Research and Planning Directorate of Nepal Police was established in 1987 as the research and planning division. Now, the R&P Directorate is responsible for conducting research on the issues of institutional development and service delivery and making the plans based on the findings of the research. The directorate is responsible for conducting research and formulating plans based on the research.
Altogether 17 Research and planning sections have been established at departmental and regional levels under the R&P Directorate to build a quick network to facilitate research and planning activities of Nepal police.

Uniform

The uniform of the Nepal Police consists of both summer and winter gear.
Regular officers wear a light blue shirt with navy blue pants. Junior ranks wear beret while high-ranked officers wear Peaked cap with most senior officers with braids on the peak.
Riot police wear blue DPM pattern camouflage uniforms will ball caps. The winter uniform adds a blue jacket or sweater.

Rank insignia

The Nepal Police has fourteen ranks. Three new ranks, Senior Sub Inspector, Senior Head Constable, and Assistant Head Constable, were recently added to the Nepal Police.