Mandarin orange varieties
s are cultivated in many varieties. These include both the original wild mandarins and many hybrid varieties with other Citrus species.
Stem mandarins (''Citrus reticulata'')
- Mangshan wild mandarins
- Daoxian mandarines
- Suanpangan
Domesticated mandarins and hybrids
File:Harvest Kinnow.jpg |thumb |Kinnow, a 'King' × 'Willow Leaf' cross, developed by Dr H.B. Frost
- Sun Chu Sha
- Nanfengmiju - one of China's most widely cultivated varieties.
- Cleopatra mandarin, acidic mandarin containing very small amount of pomelo introgression.
- Sunki, acidic mandarin containing very small amount of pomelo introgression.
- Tangerines is a grouping used for several distinct mandarin hybrids. Those sold in the US as tangerines have usually been Dancy, Sunburst or Murcott cultivars. Some tangerine × grapefruit hybrids are legally sold as tangerines in the US.
- Mediterranean/Willowleaf/Thorny, a mandarin with small amounts of pomelo.
- Dalanghita is a smaller mandarin endemic widely cultivated in the Philippines. Also known by other local names, naranghita and sintones.
- Huanglingmiao, a mandarin–pomelo hybrid.
- Kishumikan, or simply Kishu, a close clonal relative of Huanglingmiao, the two sharing a common origin before diverging as they were propagated
- * Kunenbo a heterogeneous group that includes at least four distinct mandarin-pomelo hybrids.
- ** King a Kunenbo mandarin with high levels of pomelo admixture, sometimes classed as a tangor.
- *** Kinnow, a King × Willowleaf hybrid.
- ** Satsuma, a mandarin × pomelo hybrid with more pomelo than seen in most mandarins. It derived from a cross between a Huanglingmiao/Kishu and a non-King Kunenbo that was itself a pomelo × Huanglingmiao/Kishu cross. It is a seedless variety, of which there are over 200 cultivars, including Wenzhou migana,, and ; the source of most canned mandarins, and popular as a fresh fruit due to its ease of consumption
- *** Owari, a well-known cultivar that ripens during the late autumn
- * Komikan, a variety of Kishumikan
- The Ponkan, a mandarin–pomelo hybrid
- * The Dancy tangerine is a hybrid, the cross of a Ponkan with another unidentified hybrid mandarin. Until the 1970s, most tangerines grown and eaten in the US were Dancys, and it was known as "Christmas tangerine" and zipper-skin tangerine
- ** Iyokan, a cross between the Dancy tangerine and another Japanese mandarin variety, the kaikoukan.
- Bang Mot tangerine, a mandarin variety popular in Thailand.
- Shekwasha, a group of clonal citrus that arose from multiple independent natural crosses of C. ryukyuensis with a Sun Chu Sha relative, a very sour mandarin grown for its acidic juice.
- Tachibana, also a cluster of similar clones, deriving from natural crosses between different individual C. ryukyuensis and a clonal C. reticulata lineage with both northern and southern subspecies contribution.
- Kinnow, also known as Pakistani mandarin is popular variety in Pakistan and Middle East.
Mandarin crosses
- Tangelos, a generic term for modern mandarin × pomelo and mandarin × grapefruit crosses
- * The Mandelo or 'cocktail grapefruit', a cross between a Dancy/King mixed mandarin and a pomelo. The term is also sometimes used generically, like a tangelo, for recent mandarin × pomelo hybrids.
- The sour orange derives from a direct cross between a pure mandarin and a pomelo
- * Lemon, a sour orange × citron hybrid.
- ** Lime, a lemon × Key lime cross
- ** Bergamot orange, a lemon × sour orange backcross
- * Limetta, a distinct sour orange × citron hybrid
- The common sweet orange derives from a cross between a impure mandarin and pomelo parents
- * Tangors, or Temple oranges, are crosses between the mandarin orange and the common sweet orange; their thick rind is easy to peel, and its bright orange pulp is sour-sweet and full-flavoured. Some such hybrids are commonly called mandarins or tangerines.
- ** Clementine, a spontaneous hybrid between a Willowleaf mandarin orange and a sweet orange. sometimes known as a "Thanksgiving Orange" or "Christmas orange", as its peak season is winter; an important commercial mandarin orange form, having displaced mikans in many markets.
- *** Clemenules or Nules, a variety of Clementine named for the Valencian town where it was first bred in 1953; it is the most popular variety of Clementine grown in Spain.
- *** Fairchild is a hybrid of Clementine and Orlando tangelo
- ** Murcott, a mandarin × sweet orange hybrid, one parent being the King.
- *** Tango is a proprietary seedless mid-late season irradiated selection of Murcott developed by the University of California Citrus Breeding Program.
- ** Kiyomi is a Satsuma/sweet orange hybrid from Japan
- *** Dekopon, a hybrid between Kiyomi and ponkan, marketed in the United States as Sumo Citrus
- * Grapefruit, the result of backcrossing the sweet orange with pomelo
- * Meyer lemon, a cross between a mandarin × pomelo hybrid and a citron.
- * Palestinian sweet lime, a distinct × citron hybrid
- Rangpur lime, a pure-mandarin × citron cross
- Rough lemon, a pure-mandarin × citron cross, distinct from rangpur
- Volkamer lemon, a pure-mandarin x citron cross, distinct from rangpur and rough lemon
- Jabara, a Kunenbo mandarin × yuzu cross.
- several of the kumquat-hybrid Citrofortunella, including calamansi, citrangequat, orangequat, mandarinquat and sunquat
Non-mandarins
- Mangshanyegans, long thought to be mandarins, are a separate species.