Mandarin orange varieties


Mandarin oranges are cultivated in many varieties. These include both the original wild mandarins and many hybrid varieties with other Citrus species.

Stem mandarins (''Citrus reticulata'')

  • Mangshan wild mandarins
  • Daoxian mandarines
  • Suanpangan

Domesticated mandarins and hybrids

Species names are those from the Tanaka system. Recent genomic analysis would place them all in Citrus reticulata, except the C. ryukyuensis hybrids
  • Sun Chu Sha
  • Nanfengmiju - one of China's most widely cultivated varieties.
  • Cleopatra mandarin, acidic mandarin containing very small amount of pomelo introgression.
  • Sunki, acidic mandarin containing very small amount of pomelo introgression.
  • Tangerines is a grouping used for several distinct mandarin hybrids. Those sold in the US as tangerines have usually been Dancy, Sunburst or Murcott cultivars. Some tangerine × grapefruit hybrids are legally sold as tangerines in the US.
  • Mediterranean/Willowleaf/Thorny, a mandarin with small amounts of pomelo.
  • Dalanghita is a smaller mandarin endemic widely cultivated in the Philippines. Also known by other local names, naranghita and sintones.
  • Huanglingmiao, a mandarin–pomelo hybrid.
  • Kishumikan, or simply Kishu, a close clonal relative of Huanglingmiao, the two sharing a common origin before diverging as they were propagated
  • * Kunenbo a heterogeneous group that includes at least four distinct mandarin-pomelo hybrids.
  • ** King a Kunenbo mandarin with high levels of pomelo admixture, sometimes classed as a tangor.
  • *** Kinnow, a King × Willowleaf hybrid.
  • ** Satsuma, a mandarin × pomelo hybrid with more pomelo than seen in most mandarins. It derived from a cross between a Huanglingmiao/Kishu and a non-King Kunenbo that was itself a pomelo × Huanglingmiao/Kishu cross. It is a seedless variety, of which there are over 200 cultivars, including Wenzhou migana,, and ; the source of most canned mandarins, and popular as a fresh fruit due to its ease of consumption
  • *** Owari, a well-known cultivar that ripens during the late autumn
  • * Komikan, a variety of Kishumikan
  • The Ponkan, a mandarin–pomelo hybrid
  • * The Dancy tangerine is a hybrid, the cross of a Ponkan with another unidentified hybrid mandarin. Until the 1970s, most tangerines grown and eaten in the US were Dancys, and it was known as "Christmas tangerine" and zipper-skin tangerine
  • ** Iyokan, a cross between the Dancy tangerine and another Japanese mandarin variety, the kaikoukan.
  • Bang Mot tangerine, a mandarin variety popular in Thailand.
  • Shekwasha, a group of clonal citrus that arose from multiple independent natural crosses of C. ryukyuensis with a Sun Chu Sha relative, a very sour mandarin grown for its acidic juice.
  • Tachibana, also a cluster of similar clones, deriving from natural crosses between different individual C. ryukyuensis and a clonal C. reticulata lineage with both northern and southern subspecies contribution.
  • Kinnow, also known as Pakistani mandarin is popular variety in Pakistan and Middle East.

Mandarin crosses

Non-mandarins

  • Mangshanyegans, long thought to be mandarins, are a separate species.