Lean government


Lean government refers to the application of Lean Manufacturing principles and methods to both identify and then implement the most efficient, value added way to provide government services. Government agencies have found that when Lean is implemented, they see an improved understanding of how their own processes work, that it facilitates the quick identification and implementation of improvements and that it builds a culture of continuous improvement.
Lean for government focuses on governing and serving citizens with respect and continuously improving service delivery by cutting out "waste" and "inefficiency" in processes; this in turn will result in better services overall, engaged civil servants as well as more value for tax-supported programs and services. Generally, proponents also see a lean government as a mean to expand the capacity of government to provide more services per unit of investment.

Common methods and approaches

Many lean manufacturing methods have been successfully adapted to identify non-value added activities in administrative, transactional, and office processes that are common in government agencies. Common Lean methods include:
  • Value Stream Mapping – Value stream mapping refers to the development of a high-level visual representation of a process flow that is involved in delivering a product or service to customers. VSM events, which are typically 3–4 days, focus on identifying the sources of non-value added activity and prioritizing possible improvement activities.
  • Kaizen – Kaizen means to change for the good of all and is based on the philosophy of improvement, without regard to its size, type or duration. Kaizen activity is often focused on rapid process improvement events that bring together a cross-functional team for 3–5 days to study a specific process followed by implementing process changes.
  • 5S – 5S is the name of a workplace organizational method that uses a list of five Japanese words which, when translated into English, start with the letter S—Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, and Sustain.
As more and more government services are delivered electronically, Lean government initiatives are commonly applications of Lean IT.
Lean government approaches typically have the following characteristics:
Lean government does not necessarily promote low taxes, only efficient use of those taxes levied. Tax policy is discerned by the legislative and executive branches of government with oversight of the judicial branch of government. Lean government is implemented by the administrative function of government through executive order, legislative mandate, or departmental administrative decisions. Lean government can be applied in legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government.

Types of waste

Several types of non-value added activity, or waste, are common in government administrative and service processes. Lean methods focus on identifying and eliminating these wastes. The list below identifies common administrative process wastes.

The 8 Wastes of the Administrative Process with Examples

The 8 wastes spell the acronym: D-O-W-N-T-I-M-E.
  • Defects – Data Errors, Missing Info. Content that is out of specification requiring resources to correct.
  • Overproduction – Unneeded Reports, Doing Work Not Requested. Producing too much information and overwhelming the recipient.
  • Waiting – Waiting for the previous step in the process to complete.
  • Non-Utilized Talent – Employees that are not effectively engaged in the process
  • Transportation – Transporting items or information that is not required to perform the process from one location to another.
  • Inventory – Backlog of Work, Excess Materials or information that is sitting idle.
  • Motion – People, information or equipment making unnecessary motion due to workspace layout, ergonomic issues or searching for misplaced items.
  • Extra Processing – Performing any activity that is not necessary to produce a functioning document, report, or service.
Wastes in administrative and service processes can relate to:
  1. collection, use, and management of information
  2. design and implementation of work processes
  3. the efficiency and effectiveness with which individuals work.

Lean government activity

Numerous government agencies, such as the Lean House, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the States of Arizona, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, and Washington, are using Lean to improve the quality, transparency and speed of government processes. As in the manufacturing and service sectors, some government agencies are implementing Lean methods in conjunction with Six Sigma process improvement approaches.
A source that lists all current vetted Lean Government initiatives at the Federal, State, City, County, and K-12 school levels is the Lean Government Center : http://leangovcenter.com/govweb.htm
U.S. federal government
Some examples of federal government organizations with active Lean Government initiatives include:
U.S. state government
Some examples of state government organizations with active Lean Government initiatives include:
A source that lists all current vetted Lean Government initiatives at the Federal, State, City, County, and K-12 school levels is the Lean Government Center : http://leangovcenter.com/govweb.htm
The Environmental Council of the States, in collaboration with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, works to support and coordinate information sharing among U.S. States implementing Lean Government approaches in public environmental agencies.
U.S. local government
Some examples of municipalities where lean government practices have been implemented include:
A source that lists all current vetted Lean Government initiatives at the Federal, State, City, County, and K-12 school levels is the Lean Government Center.
The International City/County Management Association supports a program to assist local government organizations to improve government processes using Lean.
Canada - Saskatchewan Provincial Government
  • Saskatchewan Government Think Lean Website