Kiepert conics


In triangle geometry, the Kiepert conics are two special conics associated with the reference triangle. One of them is a hyperbola, called the Kiepert hyperbola and the other is a parabola, called the Kiepert parabola. The Kiepert conics are defined as follows:
It has been proved that the Kiepert hyperbola is the hyperbola passing through the vertices, the centroid and the orthocenter of the reference triangle and the Kiepert parabola is the parabola inscribed in the reference triangle having the Euler line as directrix and the triangle center X110 as focus. The following quote from a paper by R. H. Eddy and R. Fritsch is enough testimony to establish the importance of the Kiepert conics in the study of triangle geometry:

Kiepert hyperbola

The Kiepert hyperbola was discovered by Ludvig Kiepert while investigating the solution of the following problem proposed by Emile Lemoine in 1868: "Construct a triangle, given the peaks of the equilateral triangles constructed on the sides." A solution to the problem was published by Ludvig Kiepert in 1869 and the solution contained a remark which effectively stated the locus definition of the Kiepert hyperbola alluded to earlier.

Basic facts

Let be the side lengths and the vertex angles of the reference triangle.

Equation

The equation of the Kiepert hyperbola in barycentric coordinates is

Center, asymptotes

  1. The center of the Kiepert hyperbola lies on the nine-point circle. The center is the midpoint of the line segment joining the isogonic centers of triangle which are the triangle centers X and X in the Encyclopedia of Triangle Centers.
  2. The image of the Kiepert hyperbola under the isogonal transformation is the Brocard axis of triangle which is the line joining the symmedian point and the circumcenter.
  3. Let be a point in the plane of a nonequilateral triangle and let be the trilinear polar of with respect to. The locus of the points such that is perpendicular to the Euler line of is the Kiepert hyperbola.

    Kiepert parabola

The Kiepert parabola was first studied in 1888 by a German mathematics teacher Augustus Artzt in a "school program".

Basic facts

  • The equation of the Kiepert parabola in barycentric coordinates is
  • The focus of the Kiepert parabola is the triangle center X. The barycentric coordinates of the focus are
  • The directrix of the Kiepert parabola is the Euler line of triangle.

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