Jihad verse
In the Quran, the concept of jihad is addressed in various verses. These verses have been a subject of debate among Islamic scholars. This term generally means "striving in the way of Allah" and encompasses both internal and external dimensions. A person who has dedicated their life to jihad is called a mujahid.
Jihad verses are concentrated in surahs revealed during the Medinan period, such as Al-Baqarah, Al Imran, An-Nisa, At-Tawbah, and Al-Anfal, which regulate matters including warfare, peace, the treatment of captives, the distribution of spoils, and Muslims' stance toward adversaries. These verses are historically contextualized within the post-Hijrah defensive necessities from Mecca to Medina, as well as events like the Treaty of al-Hudaybiya and the battles of Badr, Uhud, and the Trench.