Ivan P. Hall
Ivan P. Hall was an American historian specialized in Japan's history, and a former diplomat who came to prominence with the publication of his 1997 book Cartels of the Mind: Japan's Intellectual Closed Shop. The book was named one of the ten best business books of 1997 by Business Week magazine. It argued that thanks to a variety of extralegal practices foreigners are largely excluded from intellectual life in Japan.
He went on in 2002 to publish Bamboozled: How America Loses the Intellectual Game with Japan and its Implications for Our Future in Asia, which Foreign Affairs suggested was “destined to arouse passions....among Japanese nationalists and American liberals”.