Geojedo
Geojedo, or Geoje Island, is the principal island of Geoje, South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. It is accessible from the mainland via two bridges at nearby Tongyeong. Gohyeon is the largest town on the island.
After Jeju Island, Geojedo is the second-largest island in South Korea; it has an area of. The island has several peaks: Gara, Daegeum and Guksabong. Geojedo is known for its rich deposits of granite. The island's southern belt, together with part of Namhaedo in Namhae County, comprises Hallyeo Maritime National Park.
Geojedo has several natural harbors. Shipbuilding is the largest industry on the island. It is home to Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering in the city of Okpo, and Samsung Heavy Industries in the city of Gohyeon ; the second and third largest shipyards in South Korea.
The island is links the island to the mainland city of Busan by the Busan–Geoje Bridge, which was opened in December 2010.
The population of Geojedo is 232,807, as of October 2024.
Etymology
The name comes ;.History
During the Three Kingdoms period, Geojedo was one of twelve states of Byeonhan, then called Dokno. In 757 A.D., during the Silla period, King Gyeongdeok began to use the name Geoje County to refer to the island.In the Korea and Joseon dynasty period, after the area called Giseong was divided from Geoje 거제현 in 1914, the Geoje area was mistakenly called Tongyeong. During this period, the island was a strategic location between Japan and the Korean Peninsula, and was invaded by the Empire of Japan.
When the Japanese invaded Tongyeong in 1592, the Navy Headquarters of Three Provinces was established in Geoje, which served as a command for naval battles in the area. Among these were the Battle of Okpo in May 1592, the Battle of Geojedo on July 28 of the same year, and the Gyeonnaeryang, which is also known as the Hansan Great victory. In 1597, the first and only naval defeat of the Japanese in Korean history took place at Chilcheon, Geoje.
During the Korean War in 1951, UN Forces established the Geoje POW Camp to accommodate captured North Koreans. 31 prisoners died during conflicts there. Koje Unscreened, a booklet written by journalists Alan Winnington and Wilfred Burchett, focused on the poor conditions in the camp.
In 1953, Geoje became an independent county, and in the early 1970s, the shipbuilding industry began producing ships, which led to population growth. In 1995, Geoje had a large enough population to be classified as a city. It is now the hub of the shipbuilding industry, a major component of Korea's economic development.
Geoje is home to two Presidents of South Korea: Kim Young-sam and Moon Jae-in.
In December 1950, Geojedo was the final port of call of SS Meredith Victory after it was used to evacuate about 14,000 North Korean civilians from Hungnam.