Dharmatriloka
Dharmatriloka was a 12th-century monarch of mixed Siamese Mon–Chinese descent, attested in the Northern Chronicle as the ruler of Mueang Chaliang. He was born to Pasujadevī, a princess affiliated with the Chinese imperial lineage, and succeeded his father, Suvacanaraja, in the mid 12th century. Dharmatriloka is recorded to have had a long reign and was married to a princess of the Chinese emperor, with whom he had three sons: Dhammaraja, Baramaraja, and Rajadhiraj II.
The early reign of Dharmatriloka is described in the Northern Chronicle as a period of stability and religious devotion. The records attribute to him duties and activities primarily concerned with the patronage of Buddhism. Diplomatic and familial alliances with northern Tai polities persisted during his reign, particularly with Chiang Saen, then governed by Jatisakara, who was Dharmatriloka’s nephew through his sister and Phrom, the preceding ruler of Chiang Saen. Royal intermarriages with the southern polity of Xiān are also recorded, involving his two elder sons, Dhammaraja and Baramaraja. In the middle and later periods of his reign, it is speculated that the polity may have encountered the political and military expansions of Angkor under the rule of Jayavarman VII or by other Angkor-related nobles, whose dynasty successfully regained Lavo as well as captured Xiū Luó Fēn of the Xiān then subsequently re-established it as Chen Li Fu in the late 12 century.
Succession initially favored the eldest prince, Dhammaraja. However, both Dhammarāja and Baramaraja entered into matrimonial alliances with princesses of King Suvarnaraja of Ayodhya and consequently were not permitted to return to Mueang Chaliang. Each subsequently ascended the throne of Ayodhya, succeeding their father-in-law, with Dhammarāja reigning from 1301 to 1310, and Baramarāja from 1310 to 1344. The succession of Mueang Chaliang, therefore, passed to the youngest prince, Rajadhiraj II.