Decenoic acid


Decenoic acid is any mono-carboxylic acid with an unbranched chain of ten carbons connected by eight single bonds and one double bond; that is, a chemical compound with formula ––––H, where k is between 0 and 7 inclusive.
There are fifteen of these compounds, that can be identified by the position k+2 of the double bond and the configuration of the single bonds adjacent to it.
Decenoic acids are technically mono-unsaturated fatty acids, although they are relatively rare in nature.

Examples

Free acids and esters

Some isomers that have received attention are
The following unspecified isomers or mixtures have also been mentioned:
  • From 3-decenoic acid:
  • * butyl 2-decenoate, isomer unspecified, is a flavoring agent with odor described as "fruity, green, fatty, coconut, walnut". Density: 0.87-0.88 at 25.00 °C. Refractive Index: ~1.45 at 20.00 °C. BP: 290-291 °C. at 1 atm. Flavouring agent.
  • * methyl 2-decenoate, isomer unspecified, is used as flavouring ingredient, with odor described as "mushroom".
  • 4-decenoic acid, unspecified isomer, is said to occur in hops and beer. It is a flavoring agent, with odor described as "fruity". Density: ~0.92 at 20.00 °C. Refractive Index: ~1.15 at 20.00 °C. BP: 97.00 to 98.00 °C. at 0.30 torr. It is listed as "no concern" food additive by the FAO/WHO JECFA.
  • A mixture of 5-decenoic and 6-decenoic acids, with the trade name "milk lactone", is allowed in the US as generally recognized as safe flavorings, such as in imitation dairy products with common name "milk lactone" for their milk-like aroma.

    Derivatives

Derivatives of these acids include: