2024 United States Senate election in New Jersey



The 2024 United States Senate election in New Jersey was held on November 5, 2024, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the state of New Jersey. Democratic Congressman Andy Kim won his first term in office, defeating Republican real estate developer Curtis Bashaw. He succeeded Democrat George Helmy, who served as an interim appointee for the remainder of Bob Menendez's third term. Kim assumed office on December 8, 2024, after his election was certified, in order to give an advantage in seniority.
Menendez, who had represented New Jersey in the Senate since 2006, began to face an uncertain political future after he was indicted for federal corruption charges in 2023, his second such indictment. Amid questions over whether Menendez would seek a fourth term, a contentious Democratic primary took place between Kim and First Lady of New Jersey Tammy Murphy that was marked by allegations of nepotism and party favoritism towards Murphy. In March, Menendez announced he would not seek the Democratic nomination and Murphy withdrew from the race, leaving Kim as the only major Democratic candidate. Menendez filed to run as an independent ahead of the June primaries, but after being convicted of federal corruption the following month, he ended his candidacy and resigned from the Senate.
In the June 4 primary, Kim won the Democratic nomination with 75% of the vote. Bashaw won the Republican nomination with 45% of the vote, defeating Mendham Borough Mayor Christine Serrano Glassner, who was endorsed by former president Donald Trump and his allies. After the general election, Kim became the first Korean American senator, the first Asian American to represent New Jersey in the Senate, and the first person from South Jersey to represent the state in the Senate since 1955. Kim flipped Gloucester County and narrowly held Passaic County, both of which voted for Trump in the concurrent presidential race. Cumberland County voted Republican in a Senate election for the first time since 1972, and the first time in this seat since 1952.
This was the closest Senate election in the state since 2006.

Democratic primary

Background

In 2023, incumbent three-term Democrat Bob Menendez was indicted on federal corruption charges that he aided and provided sensitive information to the Egyptian government. Menendez was previously indicted on federal corruption charges in 2015 for bribery, fraud, and making false statements; the charges were dropped in 2018 after the jury was unable to reach a verdict and he was re-elected to a third term the same year. Amid calls from several prominent Democrats to resign, Menendez did not seek the Democratic nomination, but filed to run for re-election as an independent. Menendez was found guilty of federal corruption in July.
Following Menendez's 2023 indictment, two prominent Democrats announced their Senate candidacy: U.S. Representative Andy Kim and First Lady of New Jersey Tammy Murphy. The primary between Murphy and Kim was seen as competitive, as even though Kim led comfortably in polls, Murphy had received significant party support and the county line endorsements in many heavily populated counties along with endorsements from many county party chairs and from New Jersey Democratic Party chair LeRoy J. Jones Jr. Kim, however, had received support from many national and progressive Democrats such as Pennsylvania Senator John Fetterman, the College Democrats of America, and the College Democrats of New Jersey. Murphy announced her withdrawal from the race on March 24, citing poor polling.

Allegations of nepotism

Murphy's candidacy had given rise to allegations of cronyism and nepotism due to her being the wife of incumbent Governor Phil Murphy. Critics argued that since her husband is the head of the New Jersey Democratic Party, it would have ensured her victory. These accusations grew after she entered into the race as the chairs of the Hudson, Camden, Bergen, Somerset, Essex, and Middlesex county Democratic organizations endorsed Murphy; these represent 40% of Democratic voters in New Jersey. Candidates in New Jersey who receive the endorsement of county chairs are often placed in a premier position of the primary election ballot, bracketed with other endorsed candidates, called the [Elections in New Jersey#County line|"party" or "county line."] Candidates who are "on the line" typically win the June primary.
Murphy had responded to questions about her qualification for office due to not having been elected to office before and her previously being a registered Republican as being sexist, saying: "I'm not sure a male would be asked this question." At a candidate forum at the County College of Morris in January 2024, Murphy was asked to address the "elephant in the room" about her perceived advantage as the wife of Governor Phil Murphy. She replied that she was "honored and thrilled" to receive endorsements from New Jersey Democrats, who endorsed her "not because my husband asked them, but because I asked them. They know me." She promised to "earn every vote" and to listen to "not only the people who are with me, but both sides, and not just seeing through one lens". A number of members of Congress who had endorsed her also said they endorsed her over Kim because she asked, and because of her work for women's health, children, and seniors.

Endorsement controversies

On December 24, 2023, Mountainside Democratic Municipal Chair and former NOW-NJ President Anjali Mehrotra announced that she would support Kim. However, she later retracted this statement, deciding to back Murphy's campaign and criticize Kim's candidacy.
On January 10, 2024, the College Democrats of New Jersey in conjunction with the College Democrats of America endorsed Kim. Four days later, it was revealed that, before the CDNJ announced their endorsement of Kim, they received a call from a college student who serves as the Youth Coordinator for the state party. In the call, the staffer asked the CDNJ to cancel the group's endorsement of Kim, expressing concerns over CDNJ members' future job prospects and funding.
The staffer would later say that while Murphy's campaign had not asked her to pressure the group on their behalf, but had wanted "to do something to prevent the endorsement." Murphy's campaign responded, saying the staffer's comments were "totally and completely inappropriate, and they in no way represent this campaign or what we stand for," and adding that the staffer had no connection to Murphy's campaign. The Murphy campaign also said that all of the students involved in this "unfortunate situation" should be afforded the "grace, allowance and forgiveness that we all deserve at that age." Tammy Murphy, meanwhile, called the College Democrats of New Jersey's vice president to apologize. Kim responded on X (Twitter), saying, in part, "This is why people lose faith in democracy and our system." On January 17, the CDA called on the national Democratic National Committee to open an investigation into what happened between the state party and Murphy's campaign, while reaffirming their support for Kim saying: "We will not be intimidated or silenced by those who seek to undermine our values and our vision for a more just and equitable world."
On February 5, 2024, the Murphy campaign unveiled a large list of endorsements from Monmouth County Democratic officials. However, later that day, multiple people whose names were on the list denied ever having endorsed her, with many still claiming that they were neutral in the race. Despite his neutrality the day before, Bradley Beach Democratic Municipal Chair Steve Lozowick changed course again on February 6, announcing his support for Murphy.
On March 16, 2024, Murphy was endorsed by the Camden County Democratic Committee, having already received the support of powerbroker George Norcross. However, at the committee meeting, candidate Patricia Campos-Medina was denied entry, being physically barred by multiple guards. This incident led to a condemnation by Kim, while Murphy stated that "You'll have to talk to Camden" when asked about the incident. Murphy's response to the incident, along with other alleged concerns, led to Jersey City mayor Steven Fulop pulling his support for Murphy the following day and backing Kim, according to Fulop.
On March 17, 2024, the Hoboken Democrats voted to endorse Kim for Senate. Shortly after, chair Rachel Hodes resigned, stating that she had been receiving pressure since February by officials from both the Murphy and Menendez campaigns, as well as the Hudson County Democratic Organization, to change the Hoboken endorsement process as a way to prevent a Kim endorsement.

County lines

Although the practice was recently enjoined by a federal judge in Kim v. Hanlon, New Jersey is alone among the 50 states in authorizing local officials to award a strongly favorable ballot position to favored candidates in a prominent column on the ballot called the "county line." The county line on the ballot had come under heavy criticism during the Senate primary as an allegedly undemocratic result of political machine and political boss power in the state.
Due to this unique preferential-ballot-placement "county line" system in New Jersey, some NJ county parties hold conventions to decide which candidate gains the sought-after county-endorsed ballot position in the June primary, while other counties issue the line by private leadership fiat. The first in the state convention in Monmouth County is often considered a bellwether for other conventions throughout the state, and has been called the "Iowa caucus of the New Jersey Senate race." On February 10, 2024, Kim won the convention in what some described as an upset victory, where it was assumed Murphy would perform better, especially in her home county.
Uniquely among the states, New Jersey law authorizes a county chair of the county political party to make their own sole decision as an individual as to whom to award the line. Nevertheless, excluding Sussex
and Salem, which do not award a line but do provide an endorsement, processes vary by custom in each county as detailed in this collapsible table on the primary lines as awarded during county award season:
CountyDate of convention
Endorsement processVoting methodWinnerNumber of registered Democratic voters in county
AtlanticMarch 17, 2024Open conventionSecret ballotKim69,141
BergenMarch 4, 2024Open conventionSecret ballotMurphy252,716
BurlingtonFebruary 25, 2024Open conventionSecret ballotKim139,854
CamdenMarch 16, 2024 No convention; chair alone-Murphy180,907
Cape MayMarch 11, 2024Open conventionSecret ballotNo endorsement awarded18,207
CumberlandMarch 21, 2024Procedurally disputed between two factionsProcedurally disputed between two factionsNo endorsement awarded due to dispute32,004
EssexNo convention; chair alone-Murphy295,958
GloucesterMarch 18, 2024 No convention; chair alone-Murphy84,006
HudsonMarch 15, 2024 No convention; chair alone-Murphy218,173
HunterdonFebruary 25, 2024Open conventionSecret ballotKim30,200
MercerMarch 11, 2024Open conventionSecret ballotKim117,705
MiddlesexMarch 14, 2024Open convention that serves as a ratification of the chair's endorsementPublic vote by show of hands with no count Murphy240,691
MonmouthFebruary 18, 2024Open conventionSecret ballotKim139,580
MorrisMarch 16, 2024Open conventionSecret ballotKim116,586
OceanMarch 10, 2024Open conventionSecret ballotKim97,815
PassaicFebruary 10, 2024 No convention; screening committee of the county chairman and municipal chairs-Murphy71,716
SalemMarch 23, 2024Open convention Secret ballotMurphy14,487
SomersetMarch 7, 2024Open conventionPublic vote Murphy90,417
SussexMarch 2, 2024 Open convention Secret ballot Kim26,323
UnionMarch 2, 2024 No convention; each municipal chair gets one votePublic vote at an unannounced private meetingMurphy177,624
WarrenMarch 3, 2024Open conventionSecret ballotKim23,153

A professor and director of the Eagleton Center for Public Interest Polling at Rutgers University opined to The Hill that a major distinction existed between the Murphy-as-victor county endorsements and the Kim-as-victor county endorsements. While Kim won almost all of the county endorsements chosen by a secret ballot at an open convention, Murphy did better in convention-free counties where a county chair decides individually who to back. Said the director: "I think their wins show this steep division where Kim has been winning all of the open conventions, and Tammy Murphy has been winning the conventions that have some sort of advisory panel or advisory vote or party boss at the helm."
On February 12, 2024, it was revealed that prior to her loss at the Monmouth County Democratic Convention, Murphy was repeatedly offered a shared line that she could jointly run on with Kim, but she rejected it, believing that she had enough votes to secure the line for herself. On February 15, it was reported that a similar deal was being proposed for Burlington County by state senator Troy Singleton, who was also attempting to avoid a convention fight between two candidates vying for Kim's House seat, state representatives Herb Conaway and Carol Murphy. On February 18, after the first debate between Kim and Murphy, Kim said that he would not accept a shared line deal in Burlington unless Murphy was willing to share the line in every county. He also stated that the Murphys themselves were behind the push in Burlington for a shared line deal. A third deal was attempted on February 25, by Hunterdon County Democratic Chair Arlene Quiñones Perez where any candidate who received more than 30% of the Hunterdon County convention results would get the line, forcing Kim to share the line despite winning the vote, but this was defeated in a voice vote by the convention attendees.
In Bergen County where Murphy won the county line, Kim supporters alleged that the county chair, Paul Juliano, who was recently placed with the governor's support in a $280,000-a-year New Jersey Sports and Exposition Authority job, and the county leadership suppressed efforts to allow Kim to speak to delegates and stacked the committee unilaterally with bonus voting delegates loyal to the chair.
In Somerset County, where the county chair, Peg Schaffer, a recently added board member at the New Jersey Sports and Exposition Authority, had endorsed Murphy and where a whole-committee vote for the line was held on March 7, some committee members advocated for the usual show of hands or otherwise public vote to be replaced by a secret ballot at the line award in order to quell fears about retaliation. At the Somerset convention, the county chair denied a motion for secret ballot as "out of order" and the vote was held by a show of hands.
A Star-Ledger columnist who attended the Somerset convention sharply criticized it as undemocratic and preferentially structured in Murphy's favor, pointing out that the county chair had sent out an advertisement in the name of the county party in support of Murphy in advance, had refused to allow confidential ballots, and had sent out a letter pointedly reminding delegates of the "rewarding" state and county jobs that delegates had allegedly received with Murphy's help.
In Cape May County, county chair Marie Blistan, the former president of the New Jersey Education Association, as well as the rest of the county Democratic officials, voted to not endorse in the race, thus creating an open primary within the county.
In Middlesex County, the county chair, Kevin McCabe, who is a lobbyist before the Murphy Administration on matters of wind power, was nominated by Murphy's husband to the powerful board of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, and has the sole authority to award the line as he sees fit, denied a floor motion for a secret ballot at the gathering to award the line despite alleged chanting for same by delegates.
In Cumberland County, the Democratic party was split into two rivaling factions, one ran by county chair Kevin McCann, and the other ran by anti-McCann committeemembers. Neither group made a formal endorsement, leaving no candidate to receive the line.
After Murphy's withdrawal from the race, counties that awarded their lines to Murphy would have the option to award the line to Kim instead. Kim was able to receive the line in 17 of the 19 counties that award a line, with Cumberland not awarding one due to their split organization and Kim rejecting the Camden line due to their presence as the opposing council in his lawsuit against the line.

County line federal lawsuit

On February 26, 2024, Kim filed a federal lawsuit, Kim v. Hanlon, in the District Court of New Jersey, aiming to redesign the primary ballot in New Jersey and claiming that the current preferential ballot placement is unconstitutional. At the time of the filing, the Murphy campaign called the suit a "sad hypocritical stunt."
On March 29, Judge Zahid Quraishi issued an injunction in the suit against the county line, directing clerks to instead print ballots with candidates organized by office in randomized order for the 2024 primary election.

Candidates

Nominee

Eliminated in primary

Withdrawn

Declined

Debates

A WNBC spokesman stated that Kim and Murphy would debate in person in May 2024 at 30 Rockefeller Plaza, to be broadcast state-wide.
Kim and Murphy on Sunday, February 18, 2024, both participated in a live streamed event hosted by the New Jersey Globe, rather than an in-person debate. Both candidates were invited to a previous debate on February 4; Kim accepted, but Murphy declined. As a result, Kim appeared before a panel of journalists alone to discuss his candidacy.
A third debate was announced on April 30, 2024, to be hosted by WNYC, New Jersey Public Radio, the American Civil Liberties Union, and Salvation for Social Justice. Unlike the previous debates, Campos-Medina and Hamm were invited to participate. The debate was broadcast via WHYY-FM.

Polling

Poll sourceDate
administered		Sample
size		Margin
of error		Josh
Gottheimer		Kyle
Jasey		Andy
Kim		Bob
Menendez		Tammy
Murphy		Frank
Pallone		Teresa
Ruiz		Mikie
Sherrill		Undecided
Data for Progress September 29 – October 3, 2023551 ± 4.4%6%1%27%6%4%6%1%20%29%

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee

Eliminated in primary

  • Albert Harshaw, business owner
  • Justin Murphy, former deputy mayor of Tabernacle and candidate for in 2008 and 2010
  • Christine Serrano Glassner, mayor of Mendham Borough

Withdrawn

  • Daniel Cruz, former member of the Andover Township Board of Education and candidate for SD-24 in 2021
  • Shirley Maia-Cusick, immigration consulting firm owner '
  • Gregg Mele, attorney and perennial candidate '
  • Fred Schneiderman, investment executive and candidate for in 2022
  • Peter Vallorosi, construction contractor and candidate for in 2016
  • Alex Zdan, former News 12 reporter ''''

Declined

Third parties and independents

Candidates

Declared

Filed paperwork

  • Michael Estrada, independent candidate for AD-23 in 2017
  • Patricia Mooneyham
  • Victor Joseph Scazzola

Withdrawn

Interim appointment

Following his federal corruption conviction in July, Senator Bob Menendez announced he would resign from the Senate, effective on August 20, 2024. Governor Phil Murphy stated he would appoint an interim replacement for the current term until the November election. This announcement fueled speculation that Murphy would appoint Democratic nominee Andy Kim to the seat, as he was the favorite to win the general election. Republican nominee Curtis Bashaw released a public statement urging Murphy to appoint a caretaker to the seat, arguing selecting Kim would give him incumbency advantage. On July 16, Murphy appointed Port Authority of New York and New Jersey commissioner and his former chief of staff George Helmy to the seat.

Appointee

Reported shortlist

Potential candidates not appointed

Declined to be considered

General election

Polling

Aggregate polling

Andy Kim vs. Curtis Bashaw vs. Bob Menendez

Poll sourceDate
administered		Sample
size		Margin
of error		Andy
Kim 		Curtis
Bashaw 		Bob
Menendez 		Undecided
United 2024 July 1–2, 2024477 4.5%35%33%6%26%
co/efficient June 26–27, 2024810 3.42%39%33%3%25%
Fairleigh Dickinson UniversityApril 1–8, 2024809 3.5%44%38%6%12%

Andy Kim vs. Christine Serrano Glassner

Poll sourceDate
administered		Sample
size		Margin
of error		Andy
Kim
Glassner 		Undecided
Fairleigh Dickinson UniversityApril 1–8, 2024809 3.5%49%39%13%

Andy Kim vs. Christine Serrano Glassner vs. Bob Menendez as an independent

Poll sourceDate
administered		Sample
size		Margin
of error		Andy
Kim
Glassner 		Bob
Menendez 		Undecided
Fairleigh Dickinson UniversityApril 1–8, 2024809 3.5%45%39%7%10%

Bob Menendez vs. Chris Christie

Poll sourceDate
administered		Sample
size		Margin
of error		Bob
Menendez 		Chris
Christie 		OtherUndecided
Public Policy Polling September 26–27, 2023565 –24%27%41%8%

Bob Menendez vs. generic Republican

Poll sourceDate
administered		Sample
size		Margin
of error		Bob
Menendez 		Generic
Republican		OtherUndecided
Public Policy Polling September 26–27, 2023565 –20%42%25%13%

Andy Kim vs. Chris Christie

Poll sourceDate
administered		Sample
size		Margin
of error		Andy
Kim 		Chris
Christie 		OtherUndecided
Public Policy Polling September 26–27, 2023565 –46%20%23%10%

Andy Kim vs. generic Republican

Poll sourceDate
administered		Sample
size		Margin
of error		Andy
Kim 		Generic
Republican		OtherUndecided
Public Policy Polling September 26–27, 2023565 –44%32%5%18%

Generic Democrat vs. generic Republican vs. Bob Menendez as a Independent

Poll sourceDate
administered		Sample
size		Margin
of error		Generic
Democrat		Generic
Republican		Bob
Menendez 		Undecided
Emerson CollegeMarch 26–29, 20241,000 ± 3.0%49%42%9%–

Debates

During the first debate, about six minutes after the discussion began, Bashaw appeared to freeze for several seconds. Kim approached Bashaw and tried to help him with the moderators, eventually sending the debate into a ten-minute commercial break. The debate returned with Bashaw present; he explained that he did not eat all day but felt better, and the debate resumed without further interruption.

Results

By county

County that flipped from Republican to Democratic
County that flipped from Democratic to Republican

By congressional district

Kim won nine of 12 congressional districts.
DistrictKimBashawRepresentative
61.1%37.5%Donald Norcross
44.0%54.3%Jeff Van Drew
56.2%41.9%Andy Kim
56.2%41.9%Herb Conaway
37.2%61.5%Chris Smith
50.9%46.7%Josh Gottheimer
54.0%42.5%Frank Pallone Jr.
48.1%49.7%Tom Kean Jr.
63.7%32.6%Rob Menendez
51.0%45.2%Nellie Pou
75.4%21.7%LaMonica McIver
53.8%43.8%Mikie Sherrill
61.6%35.2%Bonnie Watson Coleman

By state legislative district

Kim won 27 of 40 state legislative districts, including three with Republican state senators. Bashaw won 13 districts, including one held by a Democrat.
DistrictKimBashawState senator
1st44%54%Mike Testa
2nd50%48%Vincent J. Polistina
3rd47%51%John Burzichelli
4th52%46%Paul D. Moriarty
5th66%32%Nilsa Cruz-Perez
6th65%34%James Beach
7th67%31%Troy Singleton
8th53%46%Latham Tiver
9th37%62%Carmen Amato
10th38%61%James W. Holzapfel
11th52%46%Vin Gopal
12th39%59%Owen Henry
13th42%56%Declan O'Scanlon
14th57%41%Linda R. Greenstein
15th74%23%Shirley Turner
16th56%41%Andrew Zwicker
17th66%29%Bob Smith
18th57%41%Patrick J. Diegnan
19th53%43%Joe F. Vitale
20th65%33%Joseph Cryan
21st53%45%Jon Bramnick
22nd63%35%Nicholas Scutari
23rd45%53%Doug Steinhardt
24th39%59%Parker Space
25th49%49%Anthony M. Bucco
26th46%52%Joseph Pennacchio
27th66%31%John F. McKeon
28th88%10%Renee Burgess
29th72%25%Teresa Ruiz
30th31%67%Robert W. Singer
31st66%30%Angela V. McKnight
32nd70%26%Raj Mukherji
33rd60%37%Brian P. Stack
34th71%26%Britnee Timberlake
35th58%37%Nellie Pou
36th50%47%Paul Sarlo
37th64%33%Gordon M. Johnson
38th51%46%Joseph Lagana
39th48%49%Holly Schepisi
40th45%52%Kristin Corrado